Cardiovascular
NURSING ASSESSMENT PRIOR TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF METOPROLOL.
WHAT IS BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE?
(DON'T GIVE IF SBP <90, HR <50)
A client is receiving warfarin. The nurse would expect to administer this drug by which route?
A. PO, ORAL
B. SQ, Subcutaneous
C. IV, Intravenous
D. IM, Intramuscular
WHAT IS PO (ORAL)?
Tetracycline is safe to administer to children under 8 years of age.
False
PRIORITY NURSING ASSESSMENTS BEFORE ADMINISTRATION OF FUROSEMIDE (LASIX).
WHAT IS BLOOD PRESSURE AND POTASSIUM?
Intravenous heparin therapy is prescribed for a client. While implementing this prescription, a nurse ensures while implementing this prescription, that which of the following medications is available on the nursing unit? Antidote for Heparin.
What is Protamine Sulfate?
Give at least 2 clinical findings/symptoms of an infection.
What are fever, elevated WBC, lethargy, elevated CRP, elevated pulse.
A nurse is teaching a client about taking antihistamines. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.
A. Operating machinery and driving may be dangerous when taking antihistamines.
B. Continue taking antihistamines even if nasal infection develops.
C. The effect of antihistamines is not felt until a day later.
D. Do not use alcohol with antihistamines
E. Increase fluid intake to 2,000ml/day
A,D,E.
Rationale: Antihistamines have an anticholinergic action and a drying effect. They reduce nasal, salivary, and lacrimal gland hypersecretions (runny nose, tearing, and itchy eyes). An adverse effect is drowsiness, so operating machinery and driving are not recommended. There is also an additive depressant effect when alcohol is combined with antihistamines, so alcohol should be avoided during use. The client should ensure adequate fluid intake of atleast 8 glasses per day due to the drying effect of this drug.
A 66-year-old client complaining of not feeling well is seen in a clinic. The client is taking several meds for the control of heart disease and hypertension. These medications include atenolol, digoxin, and chlorothiazide. A tentative diagnosis of digoxin toxicity is made. What are the signs of digoxin toxicity (list 3)?
Double vision, loss of appetite, nausea, bradycardia, difficulty reading, other visual alterations such as green and yellow vision or seeing spots or halos, confusion, vomiting, diarrhea, and decreased libido and impotence.
A patient is on a heparin infusion. Which lab value is used to titrate this medication?
What is Activated partial thromboplastin clotting time (aPTT)?
PRIORITY NURSING INTERVENTION PRIOR TO STARTING ANTIMICROBIAL MEDICATION.
WHAT IS OBTAIN A CULTURE?
"MATCH THE DRUG TO THE BUG".
The client with asthma has been ordered an inhaler and the nurse is teaching how to prevent Candida infections. Which would the nurse include in the instructions?
a. Clean spacer with alcohol twice a day.
b. Do not use a spacer because it promotes infections.
c. Rinse mouth with water after each use.
d. Brush teeth thoroughly after each puff.
What is c. Rinse mouth with water after each use ?
The physician prescribes metoclopramide hydrochloride (Reglan) for the client with a hiatal hernia. The nurse plans to instruct the client that this drug is used in hiatal hernia therapy to accomplish which of the following objectives?
A. Increase tone of the esophageal sphincter
B. Neutralize gastric secretions
C. Delay gastric emptying
D. Reduce secretion of gastric juices
A.Increase tone of the esophageal sphincter
Rationale: Reglan increases esophageal sphincter tone and facilitates gastric emptying: both actions reduce the incidence of reflux. Other drugs, such an antacids or histamine receptor antagonists may also be prescribed to help control reflux and esophagitis, and to decrease or neutralize secretions.
The patient is experiencing angina at rest, often at the same time each day. What type of angina is the patient most likely experiencing?
What is Prinzmetal angina.
The test used to confirm HIT (Heparin induced thrombocytopenia).
What is SRA (serotonin-release assay) test?
This class of medications treat infections caused by susceptible strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including anthrax.
What are Fluoroquinolones?
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) is an expectorant which is used for:
a. relief of wet cough and chest congestion.
b. a non-productive cough, it suppresses the cough reflex.
c. bronchodilation.
d. decreases swelling and promotes beta adrenergic receptor activity.
What is a. relief of wet cough and chest congestion?
The following medication needs to be diluted in 10-20ml of normal saline when administering IV push to prevent extravasation and gangrene.
a. Promethazine (Phenergen)
b. Insulin (Regular)
c. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
d. Toradol (Ketorolac)
What is Promethazine (Phenergen)?
5. A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking propanolol (Inderal). Which assessment data would indicate a potential serious complication associated with propranolol?
a. The development of complaints of insomnia
b. The development of audible expiratory wheezes
c. A baseline blood pressure of 150/80 mmHg followed by a blood pressure of 138/72
d. A baseline resting heart rate of 88 beats/min followed by a resting heart rate of 72/beats/min after two doses of the medication
b. The development of audible expiratory wheezes
Rationale: Audible expiratory wheezes may indicate a serious adverse reaction, bronchospasm. Beta blockers may induce this reaction, particularly in clients with COPD, or asthma. Normal decreases in BP and HR are expected. Insomnia is a frequent mild side effect and should be monitored.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving warfarin therapy. The nurse instructs the client and family that certain foods must be ingested in moderation because of the possible interference with the effect of the therapy. Which foods must be taken in limited quantity?
vitamin k (green leafy vegetables)
This group of medications was developed as semisynthetic antibiotics based on the structure of a common soil mold:
Tetracyclines
The nurse administers theophylline (Theo-Dur) to a client. To evaluate the effectiveness of this medication, which of the following drug actions should the nurse anticipate?
A. Suppression of the client's respiratory infection
B. Decrease in bronchial secretions
C. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
D. Thinning of tenacious, purulent sputum
C. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle.
Rationale: Theophylline (Theo-Dur) is a bronchodilator that is administered to relax the airways and decrease dyspnea in patients with COPD. It is not used to treat infections and does not have an effect on secretions.
If your patient is using antacids, they should be educated that:
a. they need to take the antacid 1-2 hours before or after the use of other drugs.
b. they are not safe for children.
c. require a prescription from a gastroenterologist.
d. can cause low calcium and high phosphate.
What is a. they need to take the antacid 1-2 hours before or after the use of other drugs.