Biology
What is the basic unit of life?
Cell
What is the oxidation state of oxygen in most of its compounds?
-2
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation?
Left ventricle
What is the ecological term for organisms that occupy the same trophic level?
Trophic group
What is the SI unit of force?
Newton
During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane?
Metaphase
What type of intermolecular force occurs between polar molecules?
Dipole–dipole force
Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
Insulin
What is the maximum theoretical percentage of energy transferred between successive trophic levels under the 10% rule?
10%
Which scientific principle states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an ordinary chemical reaction?
Law of conservation of mass
A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What happens to the cell due to osmosis?
It loses water and shrinks
What happens to the equilibrium of an exothermic reaction when temperature increases?
It shifts towards the reactants
Where does gas exchange occur in the human respiratory system?
Alveoli
Which biogeochemical cycle involves nitrogen fixation, nitrification and denitrification?
Nitrogen cycle
What is the independent variable in a controlled experiment?
The variable deliberately manipulated by the researcher
What enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication?
DNA helicase
How many moles are present in 18 grams of water? (H₂O = 18 g/mol)
1 mole
Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for establishing the medullary osmotic gradient?
Loop of Henle
What ecological relationship benefits one organism while harming the other?
Parasitism
Why is random assignment important in experimental research?
It reduces selection bias and helps distribute confounding variables
What is the term for the programmed death of cells?
Apoptosis
What is the conjugate base of H₂PO₄⁻?
HPO₄²⁻
What is the physiological term for maintaining a relatively stable internal environment?
Homeostasis
What is the term for a species whose impact on its ecosystem is disproportionately large relative to its abundance?
Keystone species
A population increases rapidly but eventually stabilizes as resources become limited. What type of population growth is demonstrated?
Logistic growth