Spine
In the cervical and lumbar regions, curves are (convex/concave) posteriorly.
What is concave?
These muscles are innervated by the 8th through 12th intercostal, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal nerves.
What are the internal and external obliques?
(Transverse abdominis is 7th through 12th)
The articulation between the head and C1 is called the ________.
What is the atlantooccipital joint.
These oblique muscles cause rotation to the opposite side.
What are the external oblique muscles?
Extending the head on c1 and flexing the neck is called ______.
The spinal cord is made up of ________ tissue.
What is nervous tissue?
These muscles are innervated by the middle and lower cervical nerves.
What are the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis muscles?
This is the articulation between C1 and C2.
What is the atlantoaxial joint?
This is the largest flexor. It is a long, superficial, straplike muscles with two heads.
What is the sternocleidomastoid?
These are the motions of the neck and trunk.
What is flexion/extension/hyperextension, lateral bending and rotation?
A _____ is a small, smooth, flat surface on a bone.
What is a facet?
These muscles are innervated by the cranial XI nerves.
What is the sternocleidomastoid and upper trap?
This motion happens at the AO joint.
What is flexion and extension and some lateral bending?
These muscles originate on the spinous process below and insert on the spinous process above.
What are the interspinales muscles?
This ligament limits excessive flexion of the spine.
What is the posterior longitudinal ligament?
There are #__ cervical, #__ thoracic, #__ lumbar, and #__ sacral vertebrae.
What is 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, and 5 sacral.
These muscles are innervated by the lower cervical nerves c3-c8.
What are the scalene muscles?
This motion happens at the AA joint.
What is rotation of the head on the neck?
This muscle group includes the semispinalis, multifidus, and rotatores muscles.
What is the transversospinalis muscle group?
This ligament limits excessive extension of the spine.
What is the anterior longitudinal ligament?
An increased curve of the lumbar spine is called a._____. An increased curve of the thoracic spine is called b.________.
What is a. Lordosis and b. kyphosis?
The erector spinae, transversospinalis, interspinales, and intertransversarii muscles are innervated by what nerves?
What are the spinal nerves?
Each of these joints is formed by the articulation between a superior or articular process of the vertebra below and an inferior articular process of the vertebra above.
What is a facet joint?
This muscle lies on the anterior-posterior midline. It's an agonist for trunk lateral bending. Its reverse muscle action is called hip-hiking, which allows the foot to clear the floor without bending the knee.
What is the quadratus lumborum?
This separates the two sides of the rectus abdominus.
What is the linea alba?