Anatomy of Nerve Cells/Reflex Arc
Gland or muscle
What is an effector?
This part of the cerebrum controls the right side of the body
What is the left hemisphere?
Also known as the auricle
What is the pinna?
Cavity attached to the hypothalamus
What is the pituitary gland?
Alpha cells release this to increase blood glucose levels
What is glucagon?
The outermost layer of cells in the peripheral nervous system; damaged fibers can regenerate if this is intact
What is neurilemma?
This inhibits bladder sphincters
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
Sound is passed to the oval window from this bone
What is the stapes?
Disorder of this hormone causes diabetes insipidus
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Olfactory receptors are a type of this; some species have these in antennae or tentacles
What are chemoreceptors?
The effect produced by an accumulation of neurotransmitters in the neuromuscular junction and synaptic cleft
What is summation?
The covering of unmyelinated tissue on the outside of the cerebral hemispheres
What is the cerebral cortex?
The base of the organ of Corti
What is the basilar membrane?
A mineralcorticoid that causes the kidneys to excrete potassium
What is aldosterone?
This drug blocks glutamate and makes gamma-aminobutyric acid more powerful
What is alcohol?
Connections of neurons that explain reflexive behaviours
What are reflex arcs?
This part of the brain controls swallowing
What is the medulla oblongata?
Structures that allow for accommodation to occur
What are ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments?
The most abundant glucocorticoid
What is cortisol?
Where pathogens travel from the nose and throat to the ear
What is the eustachian tube?
Between 4.5 and 6.5 milliseconds into an action potential
What is the refractory period?
Elastic tissue inside the spinal column
What are the meninges?
The second step in the pathway of a nerve impulse (the first step is rods and cones, the last step is the cerebrum)
What are bipolar cells?
What is thyroxine (T4)?
Gland behind the stomach
What is the pancreas?