Ch. 5
What are the functions of the Nervous System?
Receiving, Processing, Integrating, and Responding to information.
What are the four chambers of the heart called?
2 atria: upper chambers and 2 ventricles: lower chambers
What are the functions of the respiratory system?
Humidifies air, warms air, filters air.
What is anastomosis?
Intercommunication between 2 arteries ensuring blood flow to area even if one artery blocked.
What is an impulse action potential?
Occurs when a stimulus of sufficient strength depolarizes the cell. (NA+ channels opens, and Na+ diffuse into cell)
What is stroke volume?
amount of blood pumped per contraction of ventricles.
What are the muscles that elevate the ribs?
external intercostals, scalene sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis minor.
What is the most important respiratory muscle?
Diaphragm
Transmission of the
“impulse” along the axon
what is Conductivity
What is the Frank- Starling Mechanism?
It increases venous return or preloads of the ventricle causing an increase in contractile force of the ventricle.
What is Tidal volume? Also does it become greater with highly trained athletes?
Amount of air moved per breath. Also comes with higher intensity along with more highly trained athletes.
what is measured within brachial artery
with sphygmomanometer &
stethoscope
Blood pressure
At rest, all cells have a _______ _____
inside the cell compared to outside the
cell
What is negative charge
what measures movements of ions
during muscle contraction and
relaxation
electrocardiogram
In exercise, sympathetic stimulation causes __________
decreases resistance to airflow
bronchodilation
what controls the “Fight-or-flight” response
Sympathetic nervous system
Type of training activity dictates
type & amount of
______ ______
activated
Muscle fibers
SV increases with exercise intensity up to
__% to __% of peak oxygen consumption
40% to 50%
carbon dioxide bound to the globin portion of
hemoglobin
Carbaminohemoglobin
________ in hemoglobin very
detrimental to oxygen transport
decrease