Nervous System General
Cells
Neuron
Action Potentials
Misc.
100
Name 3 functions of the nervous system
What is Sensation, Integration, Motor output, higher mental functions, emotions
100
these provides support and protection of neurons, they are smaller than neurons and more numerous
What is Neuroglia
100
three parts of a neuron
1- cell body (soma) 2- dendrites 3- axon
100
What two ions are involved in the action potential?
Sodium and potassium
100
What is resting potential in mV?
-70mV
200
2 subdivisions of the PNS
Autonomic and somatic
200
the 2 Glia of the PNS
Schwann cells, Satellite cells
200
Part of neuron that picks up signals and transmits through axon
dendrites
200
true or false: once a neuron begins its action potential it cannot fire again until it resets.
True
200
Afferent means _________ Efferent means _________
towards and away
300
Two subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System
What is Parasympathetic Division- "rest and digest" and Sympathetic "Fight of Flight"
300
this type of cell is the largest and most numerous and attaches neurons to blood vessels
astrocytes
300
what does an axon terminal hold?
neurotransmitters
300
What ion moves during part three of the diagram and in which direction?
Sodium in
300
what is faster, a continuous conduction or a saltatory conduction?
Saltatory
400
The central nervous system is made of these organs
brain and spinal cord
400
This type of cell produces the myelin that surrounds the axons of the cells in the CNS
oligodendrocytes
400
what is the gap btw myelin sheaths on the axon called?
nodes of ranvier
400
What causes part 5 to happen and what is it called?
too much potassium leaves the inside of the neuron (hyperpolarization)
400
What are the 4 steps of transmission of an AP between neurons
1. arrival of AP at the synaptic bulb (depolarization) (Ca2+ in) 2. release of neurotransmitter ACh into synapse (exocytosis of vesicles) 3. Binding of ACh and the depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane (ACh binds to receptors on sodium channels that cause depolarization) 4. Removal of ACh by AChE (synapse releases acetylcholinesterase to break down ACh)
500
An action potential travels along this
A neuron's axon
500
These cells line the central canal of the spinal cord and the chambers of the brain which contain CSF
Ependymal cells
500
This neuron structure has two processes, one dendrite and one axon
Bipolar neuron
500
What does the all or nothing principle state?
In order for an AP to occur, it must reach the threshold and it will occur fully but if it doesn't then no AP will happen.
500
As soon as the voltage-gated sodium channels open at threshold until repolarization is complete, the membrane cannot respond to further stimulation. What is this called?
refractory period