Neuron
Part of the neuron that contains the nucleus
Cell body or Soma
A nerve impulse that travels down the axon; changes the charge from negative to positive.
Action Potential
Interprets information; determines a response; where integration takes place. Also know as an association neuron
Interneuron
The two main divisions of the nervous system
Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Two classifications of neurons
Structural (anatomical)and Functional (physiological)
Carries impulses away from the soma toward the next neuron
Axon
The stage of action potential when there is more K+ (potassium) on the inside and more Na+ (sodium) on the outside
Resting Potential
Transmits nerve impulse from CNS to an effector
The PNS splits into what two divisions
Motor and Sensory divisions
The 3 structural classifications of neurons
unipolar, bipolar and multipolar
Receives impulses and sends them to the soma
Dendrites
The action potential stage where sodium-potassium pumps open up, causing Na+ (sodium) to rush out and K+ (potassium) to rush back in.
Refractory Period
Transmits nerve impulse from receptor to CNS
Sensory or afferent neuron
Motor Division of the PNS splits into what two systems
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous System
3 functional classifications of neurons
The gaps in the myelin sheath are called
Nodes of Ranvier
The action potential stage where K+ (potassium) channels open to let K+ rush out of the cell.
Repolarization
Detects a change in the environment (a stimulus)
Sensory receptor
Autonomic nervous system splits into what two divisions
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
Smaller than neurons, also called glial cells. Fills spaces between neurons and supports them
Neuroglial Cells
This produces the myelin sheath in the PNS
Schwaan Cells
The action potential stage where Na+ (sodium) channels are open and Na+ rushes into the cell.
Depolarization
The muscle or gland that produces a response to the stimulus
Effector
CNS consists of these two parts
Brain and Spinal Cord
The two unique types of cells of the nervous system
Neurons and Glial (Neuroglial) Cells