System Organization
These are the two primary divisions of the nervous system.
CNS, PNS
The name for the electrical signals transmitted along a nerve cell.
Impulses
These protective membranes cover the brain and spinal cord.
Meninges
These receptors detect chemicals in fluids.
Chemoreceptors
This condition is a chronic neurodegenerative disease often associated with memory loss.
Alzheimer disease
This division of the PNS regulates skeletal muscles and is considered voluntary.
Somatic
This glial cell produces myelin in the PNS.
Schwann cell
The largest region of the brain, divided into two hemispheres.
Cerebrum
These are specialized interoceptors found in muscles, joints, and ears.
Proprioceptors
A condition characterized by the compression of the median nerve in the wrist.
Carpal tunnel syndrome
The cranial nerves exit here, while the spinal nerves exit here.
The brain; the spinal cord
This is the junction where signals pass from one neuron to another.
Synapse
This fluid provides a cushion for the CNS.
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
These receptors are activated by extreme muscle tension.
Golgi tendon organs
This pathology is an autoimmune disease involving the breakdown of myelin.
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
This ANS division is associated with energy expenditure.
Sympathetic
This process involves Sodium (Na+) rushing into a neuron, reversing the polarity.
Depolarization
This part of the brainstem controls vital functions like breathing and heart rate.
Medulla oblongata/Brainstem
These receptors detect light stimuli.
Photoreceptors
This condition involves tremors and difficulty with motor control.
Parkinson disease
This ANS division is associated with "rest and digest" and energy conservation.
Parasympathetic
The gaps between Schwann cells that speed up impulse conduction.
Nodes of Ranvier
This structure connects the two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
Corpus callosum
The "simplest functional unit" of the nervous system, often involving three neurons.
Reflex arc
This condition affects the trigeminal nerve and causes intense facial pain.
Trigeminal neuralgia