Nervous System Divisions
This division includes the brain and spinal cord.
What is the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
These structures receive incoming signals from other neurons.
What are dendrites?
The normal resting membrane potential of a neuron is approximately this value.
What is -70 mV?
This brain structure is responsible for visual processing.
What is the occipital lobe?
Cranial Nerve I is responsible for this sense.
What is smell? / Olfactory nerve
This division includes all nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord.
What is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
This part of the neuron contains the nucleus.
What is the cell body or soma?
A neuron must reach approximately this membrane potential before an action potential is triggered.
What is -55 mV?
This structure connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres and allows them to communicate.
What is the corpus callosum?
A patient has difficulty shrugging their shoulders. Which cranial nerve may be affected?
What is Cranial Nerve XI, Accessory?
This division controls voluntary movements, such as moving your arm.
What is the Somatic Nervous System?
This structure carries the electrical signal away from the cell body toward the axon terminal.
What is the axon?
During this phase of an action potential, the membrane potential becomes less negative as Na⁺ enters the neuron.
What is depolarization?
This lobe is associated with rational thought and personality.
What is the frontal lobe?
A patient loses their sense of smell. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?
What is Cranial Nerve I, Olfactory?
Your heart rate increases when you are frightened. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for this involuntary response?
What is the Autonomic Nervous System?
These gaps between sections of myelin allow the signal to move rapidly along the axon.
What are the Nodes of Ranvier?
During this phase, K⁺ moves out of the neuron and the membrane potential becomes more negative again.
What is repolarization?
This structure helps coordinate movement and maintain balance.
What is the cerebellum?
Cranial Nerve VII controls facial movements and is associated with taste. What is its name?
What is the Facial nerve?
After the danger has passed, your heart rate begins to decrease and your body returns to a resting state. Which branch is responsible?
What is the Parasympathetic Nervous System?
A neuron receives information from a receptor and sends that information toward the CNS. What type of neuron is it?
What are Sensory/Afferent neuron?
A neuron is at -70 mV. A stimulus causes the membrane potential to reach -55 mV. What happens next?
This part of the brainstem helps regulate vital functions such as heart rate and breathing.
What is the medulla oblongata?
A patient has difficulty moving their tongue. Which cranial nerve would you investigate?
What is Cranial Nerve XII, Hypoglossal?