Inhalant Anesthetics
Isoflurane and sevoflurane are administered through this body system to produce anesthesia.
What is the respiratory system?
This effect occurs when local anesthetics prevent nerve impulse conduction.
What is loss of sensation or analgesia?
Phenothiazines produce sedation primarily by blocking this neurotransmitter.
What is dopamine?
These drugs enhance the effects of this inhibitory neurotransmitter.
What is GABA?
These drugs provide sedation, analgesia, and this third effect.
What is muscle relaxation?
This is the major cardiovascular side effect seen with most inhalant anesthetics.
What is dose-dependent hypotension?
Local anesthetics work by blocking these channels in nerve membranes.
What are sodium channels?
This major side effect of acepromazine results from peripheral vasodilation.
What is hypotension?
This benzodiazepine is commonly used as an anticonvulsant.
What is diazepam?
This reversal agent is commonly used for dexmedetomidine.
What is atipamezole?
It is thought that these anesthetics produce unconsciousness by increasing this neurotransmitter, and hence depressing the central nervous system.
What is GABA neurotransmitters?
When accidentally injected intravenously, local anesthetics may cause this serious nervous system side effect.
What are seizures?
Unlike some sedatives, phenothiazines do not provide this important effect.
What is analgesia?
This reversal agent is used to counteract benzodiazepine effects.
What is flumazenil?
This cardiovascular effect is commonly seen after alpha-2 agonist administration.
What is bradycardia?
This property of inhalant anesthetics refers to how rapidly the gas is absorbed into the bloodstream, so affects the time of induction and recovery.
What is the solubility coefficient?
This local anesthetic is commonly used for IV catheter placement and short procedures due to its fast onset, but short duration of action.
What is lidocaine?
This condition may worsen if acepromazine is used in animals with significant blood loss.
What is shock or hypotension?
This body system is minimally depressed by benzodiazepines compared to other sedatives.
What is the cardiovascular system?
This species is especially sensitive to xylazine and may vomit after administration.
What are cats?
This property of inhalant anesthetics refers to how much of the anesthetic is needed to get an effect. The lower this number, the more potent the inhalant drug.
What is the MAC (Minimun Alveolar Concentration)?
This longer-acting local anesthetic is commonly used for nerve blocks and epidurals.
What is bupivacaine?
Unlike alpha-2 agonists and benzodiazepines, phenothiazines lack this feature.
What is a reversal agent?
Because of their safety, benzodiazepines are often used in these types of patients.
What are geriatric or critical patients?
Because of their cardiovascular effects, alpha-2 agonists should be used cautiously in patients with this type of disease.
What is underlying heart disease?