Show:
Neuron
Brain Anatomy and Functions
Cranial Nerves
Cranial Nerves Continued
Brain Functions Only
100
What is the anatomical structure on a neuron that first receives the impulses from the previous neuron?
Dendrites
100
Name the four lobes of the cerebrum.
1. Frontal Lobe 2. Parietal Lobe 3. Temporal Lobe 4. Occipital Lobe
100
Which cranial nerve(s) serve the functions of smell and vision
Optic Nerve Olfactory Nerve
100
What is the function(s) of the Vestibulocochlear cranial nerve?
Hearing and Equilibrium (balance)
100
Name one function of the cerebellum.
balance posture skeletal muscle movement
200
What is the space between neurons called?
Synapse
200
What part of the brain is directly below the occipital lobe of the cerebrum?
Cerebellum
200
What are the two functions of the Trigeminal Cranial Nerve?
chewing and swallowing
200
Which cranial nerve serves the function of taste and sensation in the throat as well as swallowing and salivary glands?
Glossopharyngeal
200
Name two functions of the hippocampus.
memory learning
300
Once a nerve impulse passes through a neuron the neuron needs to be repolarized before another nerve impulse can pass through. How does a neuron repolarize itself?
Potassium (K+) and Sodium (Na+) switch back to their original position by potassium moving into the neuron and sodium moving back out of the neuron.
300
Name the three parts of the CNS that make up the brainstem
1. Midbrain 2. Pons 3. Medulla Oblongata
300
Which of the cranial nerves sends impulses to the heart, smooth muscles, and glands in the abdomen and thorax?
Vagus nerve
300
Describe two functions of the facial nerve?
facial expressions tear glands salivary glands
300
Name 4 functions of the hypothalamus?
body temperature thirst hunger digestion sleep
400
Explain the difference between sensory and motor neurons.
Sensory neurons bring sensory information to the brain. Motor neurons bring nerve impulses from the brain to the muscles and/or glands that need to physically move.
400
Explain what the following cerebral features are: 1. gyri 2. Sulci 3. Fissures
1. gyri: a ridge on the cerebrum 2. sulci: a depression that follows the ridge of the gyri 3 fissures: deep grooves, generally dividing large regions/lobes of the brain
400
What are the two functions of the Hypoglossal Cranial Nerve?
Movement of tongue Sensation of tongue movements
400
Describe three of the functions of the Oculomotor cranial nerve
raise eyelids move eyes adjust the amount of light that enters eye focuses lenses in eye
400
Which part of the brain serves the functions of emotion and memory?
amygdala
500
Fully explain how a nerve impulse travels from myelinated neuron to myelinated neuron. (It needs to be said completely correct)
1. Nerve travels into dendrites 2. Through cell body 3. Into axon. 4. Neuron depolarizes: Sodium in and Potassium out 5. Nerve Impulses jumps from node of ranvier to next node of ranvier 6. Out through axon terminals 7. Into synapse 8. neurotransmitters within synapse help the nerve impulse reach next neurons dendrites.
500
Describe: Two functions of the frontal lobe. One function of the parietal lobe. Three functions of the temporal lobe. One function of the occipital lobe.
Frontal lobe: memory formation, emotions, decision making, and /reasoning personality Parietal Lobe: senses or spatial awareness Temporal Lobe: hearing, memory, and language skills Occipital Lobe: vision
500
What are all of the functions of the Accessory Nerve?
Movement of pharynx and larynx. Movement of muscles of the neck and back.
500
State the name of all twelve cranial nerves along with each cranial nerves corresponding number.
1. Olfactory 2. Optic 3. Oculomotor 4. Trochlear 5. Trigeminal 6. Abducens 7. Facial 8. Vestibuilocochlear 9. Glossopharyngeal 10. Vagus 11. Accessory 12. Hypoglossal
500
What are the three parts of the brainstem and what are the functions of each part?
midbrain: controls breathing, reflexes, and swallowing pons: Relays information between cerebrum and cerebellum, involved in arousal and sleep patterns medulla oblongata: Controls autonomic functions such as breathing, digestion, heart and blood vessel function, swallowing, and sneezing