general
what part of the neuron is contained in white matter?
axons
The brainstem is most associated with what function?
autonomic/ involuntary function
slowing down heart rate would fall under the ______ nervous system
parasympathetic
Which glial cell circulates CSF through the ventricles?
ependymal cells
where in the neuron do action potentials start?
axon hillock
are cranial nerves part of the CNS or PNS?
PNS
the chemical messenger of the nervous system is called a ______
neurotransmitter
what is the function of the cerebellum?
fine motor coordination
what part of the brain processes emotions?
limbic system
which cells fight infection and clean debris in the CNS?
microglia
The extracellular fluid around a neuron is significantly higher in ___ than the neuron's intracellular fluid
sodium ion
what is the end of the spinal cord called?
conus medullaris
which layer of the meninges makes the brain look shiny and glossy?
pia mater
a patient suddenly loses their vision, but there's no visible damage to their eye or retina
what part of the brain could be damaged?
occipital lobe or optic nerve
a deficiency in dopamine causes what disease?
Parkinson's disease
Protein production in neurons is handled by which organelle?
-55mV
Which cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance?
CNVIII (8) vestibulocochlear
what circulates in the space between the arachnoid mater and pia mater?
cerebrospinal fluid
what is the function of the superior colliculi?
visual reflex center
what part of the brain stem regulates consciousness?
reticular formation
where are bipolar neurons commonly found?
sensory organs
what is the function of myelin/ myelin sheath gaps?
speed up action potentials
which cranial nerve controls the muscles of mastication?
CN V trigeminal
what kind of substance can easily cross the blood-brain barrier?
fat soluble
speech production is done in Broca's area, which is found in the ____ lobe
frontal
what part of the diencephalon is the major relay station for sensory information?
thalamus
Capillary exchange to neurons in the CNS is regulated by which glial cell?
astrocyte
The closure of which ion channel creates the absolute refractory period at the peak of an action potential?
voltage gated sodium ion channels
which two cranial nerves sense taste?
CN VII facial, CN IX glossopharyngeal