Supporting Neurons
These cells support neurons
Neuroglia
These are parts of a neuron that receive signals
Dendrites
A neuron reaches its action potential when...
it receives a signal
These neurotransmitters fire an action potential, which increases the activity between neurons
Excitatory
This disease is caused by scarring of neurons due to immune system attacking healthy neurons
ALS
These cells attach neurons and capillaries to supply the neuron with blood supply
Astrocytes
This is the part of a neuron that transmits an impulse away from the cell body (sends signal)
Axon
After the action potential is reached, a neuron will reverse its charge by sending ___ ions in and ___ ions out.
positive; negative
These types of drugs can mimic excitatory neurotransmitters, which increases activity
Agonists
ALS stands for:
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Cells that help form the myelin sheaths (only in the PNS)
Schwann cells
This is the largest part of a neuron and contains the nucleus
Cell body
These chemical messengers transmit nerve signals across a synapse
Neurotransmitters
These neurotransmitters decrease activity between neurons and often have a "calming" effect on the nervous system
Inhibitory
This disease can cause tiredness, extreme fatigue, and drooping eyelids
Myasthenia gravis
These cells help create the myelin sheath in the CNS
Oligodendrocytes
This is a transport system inside of the cell body; it synthesizes and ships proteins and neurotransmitters
Chromatophilic substance
After neurotransmitters jump the synapse, they bind to ______ on the ________ neuron
receptors; postsynaptic
These drugs block action potential to reduce effects of a neurotransmitter.
Antagonist
Myasthenia gravis is caused by receptors ________ the uptake of _________, a neurotransmitter that causes muscular contractions.
blocking, acetylcholine
These cells support neurons by killing bacteria and debris
Microglia
These are unmyelinated areas that are found along the axon
Nodes of Ranvier
A nerve signal is terminated by ____ or ______ degradation.
reuptake; enzyme
Give an example of an antagonistic drug and its method of action
Opioids (block pain receptors), botox (block ach/stops muscle contractions)
MS causes areas of dark patches on the brain called _______. These appear because of the _________ of an axon, causing the area to appear grey.
lesions; demyelination