Divisions of NS
The nervous system is divided into two main parts, the peripheral nervous system and the __________.
What is central nervous system?
The cell body where the organelles are located is also called this.
What is the soma?
These are the most common structural type of neuron and have multiple processes.
What are multipolar neurons?
These are the largest neuroglial cell and are found in the central nervous system. They anchor neurons to blood capillaries.
What are astrocytes?
The relative charge inside a neuron during its resting state is _____________.
What is negative?
This part of the brain is responsible for executive function (planning, organizing, self-monitoring).
What is frontal lobe?
The peripheral nervous system is divided into two parts, the motor division and the __________
What is sensory division?
These are the highly branched ends of the neuron that receive messages from the previous neuron.
This structural neuron type has two processes and is found in special sense organs.
What are bipolar neurons?
These neuroglial cells are found in the PNS and surround the cell body of a neuron and regulate levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients in the neuron.
What are satellite cells?
These ions are responsible for membrane potential (electric difference).
What are Na+ and K+
This part of the brain receives and interprets visual information.
What is the occipital lobe?
The motor division of the nervous system is divided into two main parts, the somatic and the __________.
What is autonomic nervous system?
This is the layer of proteins and lipids that surrounds and insulates the axon.
What is the myelin sheath?
These structural neurons have only one process and are primarily found in the peripheral nervous system.
What are unipolar neurons?
These cells of the CNS sense and approach injured neurons and phagocytose bacteria and debris.
What are microglial cells?
Ions move across the cell membrane to reach equilibrium due to the ____________ gradient.
What is concentration?
This part of the brain is responsible for maintaining homeostasis.
What is the hypothalamus?
The autonomic nervous system is divided into two parts, the sympathetic division and the __________.
These are located on the ends of the axon terminals and release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft between neurons.
What are synaptic end bulbs?
These neurons carry impulses from sensory receptors throughout the body to the central nervous system.
What are sensory neurons?
These cells form the myelin sheath in neurons in the CNS.
What are oligodendrocytes?
What is ATP?
This part of the brain is responsible for heart rate, respiration rate, and blood vessel dilation and constriction.
What is medulla oblongata?
This division of the nervous system controls fight or flight responses.
What is sympathetic division?
These are the gaps in the myelin sheath where the axon is exposed and impulses jump between as they travel down the neuron.
What are nodes of Ranvier?
These neurons transmit impulses within the central nervous system.
What are interneurons?
These cells use cilia to circulate cerebrospinal fluid around the brain and spinal cord.
What are ependymal cells?
Sodium-potassium pumps pump ___ Na+ _____ the cell, and ____ K+ _____ the cell.
amount is either 2 or 3
direction is into or out of
3 Na+ out
2 K+ in
This part of the brain is responsible for auditory and visual reflexes (automatic reactions to bright light/loud sounds)
What is the midbrain?