STRUCTURE
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
The Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
What are the three main functions of the nervous system?
Sensory input, integration, and motor output.
What is the basic unit of the nervous system?
Neuron.
Name a disorder that affects memory and cognitive function.
Alzheimer’s disease.
How many neurons does the human brain have?
About 86 billion.
What does the CNS consist of?
The brain and spinal cord.
Which function involves processing information?
Integration.
What are dendrites responsible for?
Receiving signals from other neurons.
What disease is characterized by tremors and rigidity?
Parkinson’s disease.
What is the speed of nerve impulses?
Up to 268 miles per hour.
What is the role of the Peripheral Nervous System?
It connects the CNS to the rest of the body.
What type of signal does the nervous system use to communicate?
Electrical and chemical signals.
What is the gap between two neurons called?
Synapse.
What disorder damages the myelin sheath?
Multiple sclerosis
What percentage of the brain is water?
About 75%.
Name the protective layers around the brain and spinal cord.
The meninges.
What part of the nervous system controls involuntary actions like heartbeat?
The autonomic nervous system.
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
It speeds up signal transmission.
What disorder causes seizures from abnormal brain activity?
True or False: The brain generates enough electricity to power a lightbulb.
True
What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
It cushions the brain and spinal cord and removes waste.
Which system within the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for action?
The sympathetic nervous system.
What is an axon?
A long fiber that carries signals away from the neuron’s cell body.
What diagnostic test measures brain activity?
Electroencephalogram (EEG).
What part of Bruno’s nervous system makes him an excellent sniffer?
His olfactory bulbs, which process smells.