developmental regions
where is telencephalon and diencephalon located?
Hippocampus
what does the Hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, dentate gyrus, and amygdala hold?
Long term memories- Hippocampus
Cingulate Gyrus- Concentration
Dentate Gyrus- New memories (happiness/depression)
Amygdala- fear/ reward (emotional experiences)
What is a part of the Diencephalon?
Thalamus: sorts sensory info and relays it to the cerebral cortex or other brain areas
Hypothalamus: integrates many homeostatic mechanisms and produce hormones released or regulated by pitutary gland.
what is a stroke?
damage to the brain
are axons white or gray matter?
WHITE
Where is the mesencephalon located?
Midbrain
where is telencephalon located?
AND the 2 extra things in the cerebrum
cerebrum
cerebral cortex: neuron somas send sensory information and senses to outer edges of cerebrum
corpora radiata: axons sending info to deeper parts of the brain
Mesencephalon
corpora quadrigemina- coordinated audio and visual reflexes
what is an example of a stroke?
ischemic stroke- low blood flow due to arterial occlusion, which leads to hypoxia/anoxia.
are somas white or gray matter?
GRAY
Where is myelencephalon located?
Hindbrain
Name the lobes in the Telencephalon and their functions
Frontal Lobes- voluntary movements, judgement, planning, personality
Parietal Lobes- somatic sensory information
Temporal Lobes- Audition and Olfaction
Insula- gustration and visceral sensory information
Occipital Lobes- sight
What is 1 thing inside the metecephalon?
Pons (regulates respiratory, sleep, salvia production, tears, swallowing)
what is a result of ischemia?
infarction - area of necrotic tissue
what are GRAY MATTER lower motor neurons?
what are interneurons?
what are internuncial neurons?
-simulated by upper motor neurons of the cerebral cortex, synapse (meet up) with effectors
-connect one neuron to another/for reflex activity
-relays sensory information upwards
where is the mesencephalon brain located in ?
Hindbrain
What is the basal nuclei's function and an example of a disease
- coordination of motor control
- receives motor information from cerebral cortex and inhibits cells using dopamine
Parkinson's disease= lack of dopamine from basal nuclei
what is the 2nd thing inside a mesencephalon?
Cerebellum: facilitates motor control and coordination
what is the name of a mini stroke, where ischemia lasts only a few minutes
Transient ischemic attack
what do axons do in white matter?
motor neurons move down and sensory neurons move up
locate where the cephalons are located? DRAW!
what is the Limbic system?
an area of the brain that experiences neurogenesis, stimulated by BDNF and nerve growth factor (cortisol may inhibit BDNF, so exercise may stimulate it.)
What does the my encephalon contain and its function?
Medulla oblongata: automatic body functions that keep us alive
such as vommitting, heart rate, blood pressure, sneezing
- continuous with spinal cord and inferior to foramen magnum
what is the name of a stroke that causes bleeding into brain or meninges called?
Hemorrhagic stroke
how are axons arranged?
anterior,postieror, inferior, superior column s