This may invade a client's normal line of defense, disrupt stability and result in illness.
What is a stressor?
100
This is the environment within the client system.
What is the internal environment?
100
The level of prevention initiated before a stressor is allowed to penetrate the normal line of defense.
What is primary prevention?
100
This is the outer layer of the client system that protects the normal line of defense.
What is the flexible line of defense?
100
The stability of all components in the system.
What is health or wellness?
200
Examples of these include feelings of hopelessness, poor diet, lack of exercise.
What are intrapersonal stressors.
200
These are the 5 variables that make up the client's internal environment.
What are psychological, physiological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual?
200
The intervention that occurs after a stressor has invaded the system's defense and has caused symptoms.
What is secondary prevention?
200
These include characteristics within the client that protect the inner integrity of the system.
What are the lines of resistance?
200
The name of the nurse theorist who developed the NSM.
Who is Betty Neuman?
300
These include relationships with family and friends.
What are interpersonal stressors?
300
This is the variable that is part of the internal environment and includes feelings about a diagnosis, stress management, coping skills, and motivation.
What is the psychological variable?
300
The nursing intervention that helps the client adapt to life after a stressor is encountered.
What is tertiary prevention?
300
This boundary represents the customary system equilibrium or wellness over time.
What is the normal line of defense.
300
The year the NSM was developed.
What is 1970?
400
These include society's unwritten demands that could lead to feelings of inadequacy.
What are extrapersonal stressors?
400
The part of the environment that includes beliefs and faith.
What is the spiritual variable?
400
For the diabetic patient, this level of prevention includes daily foot care, regular dental and vision exams, medication compliance, and monitoring of glucose levels.
What is primary prevention?
400
These determine the severity or degree of the client's reaction to a stressor.
What is the strength of the 5 variables?
400
The NSM was created for this purpose.
What is to guide graduate nursing students in understanding holistic nursing care?
500
An example of this is feeling the need to be "Super-mom", ultimate caregiver/provider.
What is an extrapersonal stressor?
500
The variable that includes the adult client being able to work and/or take care of their family.
What is the developmental variable?
500
In the diabetic patient, this level of prevention involves knowing when to seek medical care and symptoms of hypo- and hyperglycemia.
What is secondary prevention?
500
These three barriers act as the client's defense to potential invasion by stressors.
What are the flexible line of defense, the normal line of defense, and the lines of resistance?
500
Their goal is to maintain, regain, or attain ideal health by helping strengthen the normal line of defense.
What is the role of nursing in the Neuman Systems Model?