Neural Messages & Related Parts
These are found only at the Nodes of Ranvier on myelinated axons.
What are Sodium (Na+) ion channels?
This creates an impulse that synapses at one location over a short amount of time, in a "step-wise" fashion (think one shovel several times).
What is a temporal summation?
This area of the brain is responsible for the perception, regulation, and management of pain messages.
What is the Periaqueductal Gray Matter?
Substances will diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What is the "Concentration Gradient"?
These directly bring about the release of neurotransmitters from the terminal button into the synaptic cleft.
What are Action Potentials?
These create impulses that synapse at different locations at the exact same time (think several shovels filling a hole at the same time).
What are Spatial Summations?
If an impulse is below the Resting Membrane Potential, the cell is said to be this.
What is hyperpolarized?
An atom loses one electron, causing it to be a positively charge ion, known as a _____________.
What is a Cation?
Brief electrical charges that are above (more positive) the Resting Potential of -70mV and cause depolarization.
What are EPSP's (Excitatory Post-Synaptic Potentials)?
This "escorts" 3 Sodium (Na+) ions out of the cell and brings in 2 Potassium (K+) ions into the cell to help help maintain the resting potential.
What is the Sodium-Potassium Pump?
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows around the brain and the spinal cord via this.
What is the subarachnoid space?
The difference in voltage across the membrane of a neuron at rest.
What is the Resting Potential?
These provide myelin in the Central Nervous System.
What are Oligodendroglia (Oligodendrocytes)?
This controls muscles for speech production (found in the Frontal Lobe).
What is Broca's Area?
The cell will fire an Action Potential if the impulse reaches the Threshold Potential. And, all Action Potentials are the same.
What is the "All-or-None Law"?
In order for the neuron to fire, we must reduce the negative charge inside of the cell, making it more positive. This is known as _________.
What is Depolarization?
These provide myelin in the Peripheral Nervous System.
What are Schwann Cells?
This controls language comprehension and understanding (found in the Temporal Lobe).
What is Wernicke's Area?
The Cell Membrane covers the __________ neuron.
What is "entire" (except for myelin, which is not a part of the neuron).
The nerve impulse must reach the __________ of -55mV in order for it to fire.
What is the "Threshold Potential"?