Neuro Anatomy 2

Cranial Nerves in the Infratemporal Fossa & Orbit

100

Identify this structure in pink region and what it innervates/does

Motor: Muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini

Sensory: Lower teeth, anterior 2/3 of tongue (general sensation), lower lip, chin, part of external ear

200

Which branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3) receives postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the otic ganglion to provide secretomotor supply to the parotid gland?

Auriculotemporal nerve

300

This nerve provides general sensation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, but a lesion to it proximal to its junction with the chorda tympani would spare the sense of taste. Which nerve is it?

Would be the Lingual nerve

400

Identify this nerve and name one structure to which it provides sensory innervation.

Nasociliary nerve, innervating cornea (via long ciliary nerves), also to ethmoid sinus and nasal cavity

500

A patient presents with internal strabismus and a complete loss of the pupillary light reflex. If the lesion is localized to the superior orbital fissure, which nerve carrying both somatic motor and preganglionic parasympathetic fibers is damaged?

Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

(Would be) Arteries of the Head & Neck

100

Identify this structure and what branch it originates from (Do it)

Ophthalmic artery, originates from internal carotid artery

200

To access the epidural space surgically near the pterion, a surgeon must be careful not to rupture which artery that enters the skull via the foramen spinosum?

Middle meningeal artery

300

Identify this structure and name all the branches.

External carotid artery (branches from bottom up): superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, occipital, posterior auricular, maxillary, superficial temporal arteries

400

Which major vessel gives rise to the artery that travels through the mandibular canal to supply the lower teeth?

Maxillary artery

500

Identify this artery (before it exits the mandible) and name the branch it gives off before entering the mandibular foramen.

Inferior alveolar artery, mylohyoid branch

Foramina, Fissures & Wهاt Passes Through Them

100

Identify this structure and what passes pretty much through it.

Optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

200

While the vertebral artery ascends through most of the cervical spine, it must pass through which specific opening in the transverse process of the atlas to begin its medial turn into the foramen magnum?

Transverse foramen (Foramen transversarium)

300

Identify this structure and name everything that passes through it.

Superior orbital fissure. 

CN III (superior, inferior), CN IV, CN V1 (frontal, lacrimal, nasociliary), CN VI, superior ophthalmic vein (also small sympathetic fibers along ophthalmic vein)

400

Identify this foramen and name all structures passing through it.

CN IX, X, XI + internal jugular vein (jugular bulb / termination of sigmoid sinus), inferior petrosal sinus (also emissary veins connecting sigmoid sinus to extracranial veins)

500

A tumor compressing the contents of the optic canal would likely result in ipsilateral blindness and the loss of which specific arterial supply to the internal structures of the orbit?

Ophtهاlmic artery

Based Cervical Triangles & Their Contents

100

Identify the structure shown here (pretty much)

Would be the posterior belly of digastric muscle

200

If a penetrating wound to the neck pierces the carotid sheath , which cranial nerve located posteriorly between the internal jugular vein and common carotid artery is most likely to be severed?

Vagus nerve (CN X)

300

Identify this nerve and what it innervates

hypoglossal nerve, innervates intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles

400

A patient exhibits significant atrophy of the trapezius during abduction above 90 degrees after surgery in the posterior triangle. Which nerve, crossing the middle of this triangle, is affected?

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

500

During a dissection of the carotid triangle, you observe a nerve loop providing motor branches to the sternohyoid and omohyoid. What is the name of this entire nerve loop?

Ansa cervicalis

Extraocular Muscles & Orbital Functional Anatomy

100

Identify this structure and name the nerve that intervenes it.

lateral rectus muscle, CN 6

200

Which muscle, if paralyzed, results in complete ptosis and is found immediately superior to the superior rectus?

Levator palpebrae superioris

300

Which muscle passes through a fibrocartilaginous pulley attached to the frontal bone and is the only muscle to abduct, depress, and medially rotate the eye?

Superior oblique

400

A patient presents with diplopia that is most severe when they attempt to read a book or walk down stairs. Tilting the head to the unaffected side minimizes the double vision. Which specific extraocular muscle is dysfunctional?

Superior oblique

500

Identify this nerve and the cranial nerve from which it originates.

lacrimal nerve, originates from CN V1