The Neural Net (Neuro Anatomy/DX)
The process of covering nerve fibers with a fatty substance called myelin. This process, which proceeds in a cephalocaudal direction, is incomplete at birth and finishes around age 2.
What is mylenization?
This type of seizure is triggered by a rapid rise in body temperature rather than a prolonged high fever.
What is a febrile seizure?
In infants, this physical finding is a hallmark sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
What is a bulging fontanelle?
This viral infection is known for its "slapped cheek" appearance on the face, followed by a lacy rash.
What is 5th Disease (Erythema infectiosum)?
This bacterial infection, often called "whooping cough," causes severe coughing fits.
What is pertussis?
This scale is used to assess a child's level of consciousness based on eye, verbal, and motor responses.
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?
This is the priority nursing action during a generalized tonic-clonic seizure to prevent injury.
What is safety?
Because the infant's skull is not yet fused, nurses must perform this measurement daily to monitor for worsening hydrocephalus.
What is head circumference?
This virus causes itchy, fluid-filled blisters that crust over; the child is contagious until all lesions have scabbed over.
What is varicella?
This infection is caused by a toxin that can lead to a thick, gray "pseudomembrane" in the throat.
What is diphtheria?
A child should never be given this medication for a viral illness due to the risk of Reye's Syndrome.
What is aspirin?
After a seizure, the child enters this period, often characterized by drowsiness, confusion, and a deep sleep.
What is postictal state?
This surgical device is commonly placed to divert excess CSF from the ventricles to the abdomen.
What is ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt?
This "3-day measles" is mild in children but extremely dangerous for a fetus if a pregnant woman is exposed.
What is rubella?
This bacterial disease is often transmitted via a flea-infested pet and causes regional lymphadenopathy.
What is cat-scratch disease?
In a child with suspected meningitis, the nurse performs this physical assessment by flexing the child’s neck; a positive sign is an involuntary flexion of the knees and hips.
What is Brudzinksi's sign?
This ketogenic diet, which is sometimes used for intractable seizures, is very high in this macronutrient.
What is fat?
Sunset eyes (sclera visible above the iris) is a classic clinical manifestation of this condition.
What is hydrocephalus?
This highly contagious virus presents with the "3 Cs": Cough, Coryza, and Conjunctivitis.
What is measles (rubeola)?
This is the priority nursing intervention for a child with Tetanus to prevent seizures/spasms.
What is reducing environmental stimuli (quiet, dark room)?
This specific posture involves rigid extension and is a sign of more severe midbrain or brainstem damage.
What is the decerebrate position?
This medication is the "rescue" drug of choice (often given rectally or buccally) for Status Epilepticus at home.
What is a benzodiazepine?
A foul-smelling discharge or redness along a shunt track indicates this complication.
What is an infection?
This viral illness is famous for a very high fever, 103°F, that abruptly ends, followed immediately by a pink rash.
What is Roseola?
This infection, caused by S. pyogenes, presents with a sandpaper rash and a strawberry tongue.
What is scarlet fever?