Case Study A
When a portion of the skull is removed.
From the clinical perspective, the damaged hemisphere
What is left hemisphere?
A motor speech disorder sometimes characterized by slurred speech, hypotonia, imprecise articulation, hypernasality, slowed rate of speech, etc.
What is dysarthria?
The ridges and grooves on the surface of the brain.
What are gyri and sulci?
Reduced movement on one side of the body due to UMN damage
A collection of blood underneath the skull.
What is a hematoma?
When an organ wastes away; cells degenerate in damaged area
What is atrophy?
A build-up of CSF in the brain.
What is hydrocephalus?
Inattention to one side of the body due to visual/neurological deficits.
What is visual neglect?
Neurological impairment causing difficulty to coordinate voicing
What is apraxia of phonation?
Imaging of vascularization in the brain.
What is an angiogram? or What is an MRI/CT with contrast?
A speech disorder causing difficulty with motor coordination of sounds
What is apraxia?
Lack of oxygen to the brain.
What is anoxia or hypoxia?
White matter
What are myelinated axons?
Tearing of axons due to rotation of the brain inside the skull
What is shearing or diffuse axonal injury?
When brain tissue swells to the point that it constricts the other hemisphere.
What is midline shift?
To hold information in your mind for a very short amount of time, in order to complete a task.
What is working memory?
Structures found deep within the brain, inferior to the corona radiata.
What are subcortical structures?
The structure connecting the left and right hemispheres
What is the corpus callosum?
An acquired language disorder impacting someone's ability to communicate, even though they understand
What is expressive aphasia?
To assess a patient’s ability to move the articulators in a rapid, smooth sequence of motions (coordination of three different phonemes)
What is Sequential Motion Rate (SMR)?
The ventricles connected by the cerebral aqueduct.
What are the 3rd and 4th ventricles?
A group of structures deep within the brain, involved with coordination of movement.
What is the Basal Ganglia?
A burst of uncontrolled electrical activity between brain cells that causes temporary abnormalities in muscle tone or movements, behaviors, sensations or states of awareness.
What are seizures?
The type of dysarthria with strained voice, monotonicity, and slow rate with times of irregular articulatory errors, equal and excessive stress on syllables, and inappropriate variation of pitch and loudness.
What is ataxic dysarthria?