Neuro Assessment
Most common indication of a change in neuro status.
What is a change in level of consciousness?
Symptoms may include: vision disturbances, slurred speech, and unilateral weakness, and the symptoms last for less than 24 hours.
What is a TIA?
The electroencephalogram EEG provides evidence of focal or generalized disturbance of brain function by
measuring the electrical activity of the brain
An inflammatory neurologic disorder characterized by bilateral paralysis that typically presents in an ascending pattern after an infection.
What is Guillan Barre Syndrome?
Multiple Sclerosis is typically characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission. It is a chronic, progressive, degenerative neurologic disease affecting mainly young children T F
false
Onset and S/S occur between 15 and 50 yr of age, women outnumber men
An imagine technique used to diagnose brain tumors:
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
What are the three neurological response of Glasgow Coma scale
Eye Opening Response
Verbal Response
Motor Response
Patient with profound neurologic injury pulls arms to their core when stimulated.
What is decorticate posturing?
What are modifiable risk factors for stroke?
Stop Smoking, Change in sedentary lifestyle, eat balanced diet, treated diabetes or hypertension.
May be triggered by hyperventilation.
What are absent seizures?
An inflammatory neurological disorder characterized by generalized weakness and fatigue, particularly in the ocular and respiratory muscles.
What is myasthenia gravis?
Disease process characterized by destruction of the dopamine-producing neurons of the substantia nigra.
What is Parkinson's?
What ganglionic blocking agent is given for the emergency care of Autonomic Dysreflexia/ Hyperreflexia?
What is Hexamethonium
What is global cognitive dysfunction?
Impairment of intellect, awareness and judgement.
What are factors that can impact a patient's neuro exam
Hypoglycemia, hypoxia, alterations in electrolytes, medications, sleep deprivation.
What are nursing interventions for patients with aphasia?
Use simple language, avoid metaphors/idioms, allow patient's time to answer, do not finish patient's sentences for them, use the tools that work the best for the patient for communication.
May be characterized by picking, plucking, lip smacking or other mouth movements.
What are complex partial seizures?
Treatment that removes the antibodies in the blood to help reduce the autoimmune aspect of an inflammatory disorder.
What is plasmapheresis?
Classic s/s of this disease include tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and mask-like appearance.
What is PD.
Parkinson Disease
What involves placing an electrode in the thalamus, globus pallidus or subthalamic nucleus and connecting it to a generator placed in the upper chest?
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
This sensation, emotion or smell that may precede a migraine or epileptic seizure called
what is “aura”
Low heart rate, high blood pressure, erratic breathing pattern.
What is Cushing's Response (or cushings triad)?
Rebleeding, vasospasm, and hydrocephalus.
What are complications of hemorrhagic stroke?
Implanted device that can help to control seizure activity.
What is a vagus nerve stimulator?
These types of medications inhibit the destruction of acetylcholine and allow the ACh to accumulate at the synapse to promote nerve impulses.
What are anticholinesterase medications?
Disease onset is between 30- 50 years of age, this is an inherited gene involving an the overactivity of dopamine.
What is Huntington's Disease.
What is the trade name for clonazepam?
Klonopin
In caring for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), this nursing intervention involves maintaining a patent airway, providing supplemental oxygen, and monitoring neurological status
What are critical care interventions for traumatic brain injury (TBI)?
What are the nerves most likely to be impacted by increased intercranial pressure?
Optic, oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens.
This disease process can affect motor activity, elimination, personality, and communication to name a few areas of concern.
What is a Stroke
First line medications to treat status epilepticus?
What are lorazepam or diazepam?
What is a potential complication of Guillain Barre Syndrome?
Respiratory Failure
The leading cause of death for patients with Parkinson's.
What is pneumonia?
Acute Ischemic stroke patients can benefit from thrombolytics such as
Plasminogen Activator (tPA alteplase)
This is one of the tools/scales used to assess patients with neurologic conditions that assess the affect on their cognitive function
What is Four Score Coma Scale
What is the term for difficult, poorly articulated speech resulting from interference in control over the muscles of speech
Dysarthria
This type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures, causing bleeding into the surrounding brain tissue
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
Seizures are followed by a rest period of variable length, called
Postictal period
In what syndrome do antibodies attack Schwann cells, causing the sheath to break down?
What is
What is a primary symptom of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Weakness in the upper extremities
What is hemiplegia?
Paralysis on one side of the body
This medical condition, characterized by pressure within the skull, can lead to symptoms such as headaches, vomiting, and changes in vision and death.
What is increased intracranial pressure (IICP)?
What is trigeminal neuralgia also called
tic douloureux
A minimally invasive procedure used to remove blood clots (emboli) from blood vessels.
What is.. an endovascular embolectomy.
What does valproic acid (Depakene) treat ?
Seizures
True or False: Encephalitis is always caused by a bacterial infection
False:
Encephalitis can be caused by various factors including viral infections,bacterial infections,fungal infections,or even autoimmune reactions.
These warning signs may indicate what degenerative disorder: memory loss affecting ADL's, confusion with place time person, changes in mood and personality
AD
Alsheimer's Disease
What treatment involves implanting electrodes within areas of the brain?
Answer
What is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
Severe traumatic lesions of the spinal cord may result in:
complete cord injury/ total transection