Terminology
-anopia or -anopsia
loss of one or more quadrants of visual field
Monocular blindness results from a lesion in which structure?
optic nerve
Layers of the LGN are numbered 1-6 in which direction?
From inner to outer
Superior aspect of the visual field is sent to
inferior to the calcarine fissure via Meyer's loop
Prosopagnosia
inability to recognize familiar faces
loss of half of visual field
A lesion in one of the optic tracts would result in what type of condition?
Homonymous hemianopsia
loss of right or left visual field from both eyes
Information from the ipsilateral eye is sent to which layers of the LGN?
2, 3, 5
Most posterior aspect of occipital lobe?? is devoted to analysis of which aspect of the visual field?
Foveal (macular) part
What structure is crucial to recognizing faces?
occipitotemporal (fusiform) gyrus
Quadrantopia
loss of one quadrant of the visual field
Bitemporal hemianopsia is commonly found in patients with what pathology?
What type of vision loss is this characterized by?
pituitary tumor
Loss of right visual field in right rye
Loss of left visual field from left eye
Central vision spared
nformation from the contralateral eye is sent to which layers of the LGN?
1, 4, 6
Inferior aspect of the visual field is sent to
superior to calcimine fissure
Motion and location of objects in 3-D space is associated with which system?
magnocellular system
***this type of processing is known as dorsal stream of visual information
Homonymous
Heteronymous
visual field loss that is the same for both eyes
visual field losses are different between left and right eyes
Superior homonymous quadrantanopia results from damage to which structure?
Meyer's loop
Layers 1 & 2 are also known as
Layers 3-6 are also known as
Magnocellular layer
Parvocellular layer
For pupillary constriction, RGCs project directly to the:
pretectal nuclei
Color and form of objects is associated with which system?
parvocellular
***also known as ventral stream of visual information
Scotoma
the part of the visual field that is lost
Loss in the left upper quadrants bilaterally is caused by what pathology?
lesion or infarct in temporal lobe resulting in damage to Meyer's loop
Which system/layers receive inputs from larger RGCs? These are most responsive to ____
Which system/layers receive inputs from smaller RGCs? These are most responsive to ____
Magnocellular system (layers 1&2); movement and contrast
Parvocellular system (layers 3-6); color and form
hypothalamus via retino-hypothalamic tract; suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus
Accommodation reflex adjusts for?
What 3 mechanisms occur in accommodation reflex?
Diverting gaze to an object close up
1. Convergence of eyes
2. Contraction of smooth muscle of ciliary body
3. Pupillary constriction