Neurons and Glial Cells
Cerebral Cortex
Subcortex and Brainstem
Cranial Nerves, Pathways and Blood...oh my!
Signs and Symptoms 101
100
The smallest functional unit of the nervous system is _________.
Neuron
100
Broca's area is located in which lobe?
Frontal Lobe
100
What 3 structures make up the "Brain Stem?"
Pons, Medulla, and Midbrain
100
Cranial Nerve number "X" is also known as the "wanderer."
Vagus
100
Damage to the motor pathway to the tongue, can cause the tongue to deviate contralateral or ipsilateral to the site of lesion?
Ipsilateral
200
The "heart" of the neuron.
Soma
200
Wernicke's area is located in which lobe?
Temporal Lobe
200
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The caudate nucleus, the putamen, and the globus pallidus are the three structures of the _____________.
Basal Ganglia
200
Name the 7 CNs that can impact communication and swallowing.
V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII
200
Damage to this CN can cause decreased or limited motor control of the tongue.
VII or Hypoglossal
300
The cells that are considered the "glue" of the nervous system.
Glial Cells
300
Outfoldings of the cerebral cortex are ____________ and infoldings are ___________.
Gyri/Gyrus and Sulci/Sulcus
300
Name two things that the hippocampus is responsible for.
Memory function, Emotion, Attention, Navigating through Space (Proprioceptic Information)
300
This pathway consists of stimuli received from the VIII CN, to the cochlear nucleus, the superior olive, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate, and then received at the perspective center.
Auditory Pathway
300
Loss of coordination of motor movement, inability to judge distance, inability to preform rapid motor movements, intentional movement tremors, hypotonia, and slurred speech (ataxic dysarthria) are all symptoms pointing to a site of lesion in the _____________.
Cerebellum
400
This part of the neuron is a branch like structure that receives information.
Dendrite
400
The precentral gyrus is responsible for VOLUNTARY activations of muscles in the body which is represented by an image also known as the "little body or little human." This image is called_________.
Homunculus
400
The diencephalon consists of 4 structures, and is considered the final relay of SENSORY information directed towards the cerebral cortex. Name the 4 structures of the diencephalon.
Thalamus, Epithalamas, Hypothalamas, and the Subthalamas
400
The Carotid Artery supply branches off into ________ and _________.
Internal Carotid Artery and External Carotid Artery
400
Lesions to the __________ can cause "uncontrollable movement disorders" like: Hyperkinesia, Huntington's Disease, and Parkinson's Disease.
Basal Ganglia
500
In this process, the neuron is at rest, then stimulated, depolarization occurs, then repolarization, then the neuron returns to rest.
Action Potential
500
Important for nutrient delivery, and waste removal, the ventricles produce/contain what type of fluid for the cerebral cortex?
Cerebrospinal Fluid
500
The __________________ is the last stop of auditory information before being sent to the cerebral cortex. This is where all auditory fibers terminate and is part of the auditory pathway.
Medial Geniculate Body
500
The Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA), Posterior Cerebral (and Communicating) Artery (PCA), and the Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) create what is known as __________.
Circle of Willis
500
Damage to which branch of the Internal Carotid Artery supply will have the most impact on speech and communication?
Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)