PNF
Scales
Vocabulary
Types of SCI
Spina Bifida
100

All PNF patterns are named by this position. 

What is the end position?

100

This scale is a standardized neurological examination used by the rehabilitation team to assess the sensory and motor levels which were affected by the spinal cord injury.

What is the ASIA scale?

100

This term is defined as when the muscles you use for speech are weak or you have difficulty controlling them.

What is dysarthria? 
100

This type of spinal cord has absent sensory and motor function below the level of the injury. 

What is a complete spinal injury?

100

This is the type of spina bifida that has no involvement of the spinal cord or meninges.

What is spina bifida occulta?

200

This is the position of the UE in D1 flexion.

What is shoulder flexion, adduction, external rotation, forearm supination, wrist flexion, and finger flexion?

200

This scale is a medical scale used to assess individuals after a closed head injury, including traumatic brain injury, based on cognitive and behavioral presentations as they emerge from coma.

What is the Ranchos Los Amigos scale?

200

This term is defined as a movement disorder in which your muscles contract involuntarily, causing repetitive or twisting movements.

What is dystonia?

200

This type of incomplete spinal injury typically results from a flexion injury to the cervical spine in which a fracture-dislocation of the cervical vertebrae occurs.

What is Anterior Cord Syndrome?

200

Type of spina bifida that presents with a cyst that contains cerebrospinal fluid. 

What is meningocele? 

300

These techniques are used for achieving muscle facilitation. 

What is a quick stretch, joint approximation, and tapping?

300

This scale is a muscle tone assessment scale used to assess the resistance experienced during passive range of motion.

What is the Modified Ashworth Scale?

300

This term is defined as the ability to perceive and recognize the form of an object in the absence of visual and auditory information, by using tactile information to provide cues from texture, size, spatial properties, and temperature.

What is Stereognosis?

300

This incomplete spinal injury results from an injury involving half of the spinal cord. 

What is Brown-Sequard Syndrome?

300

This type of spina bifida presents with a cyst that contains the spinal cord. 

What is myelomeningocele? 

400

These three phases are optimal times to provide verbal cueing during when performing PNF techniques. 

What are the preparation, action, and correction phases?

400

This scale is a 14-item scale designed to measure balance of the older adult in a clinical setting.

What is the Berg Balance Scale?

400

This term is defined as inability to interpret sensations and hence to recognize things, typically as a result of brain damage. 

What is Agnosia?

400
This type of incomplete SCI is the most common and results from stenosis or compression that is a consequence of hyperextension injuries.

What is the Central Cord Syndrome? 

400

This malformation is common with children with spina bifida and it obstructs the flow of cerebrospinal fluid to the brain causing hydrocephalus. 

What is Arnold-Chiari Malformation?

500

This PNF technique involves sequencing of passive, active assistive, active, then active resistive to address deficits in movement initiation, coordination, and relaxation. 

What is Rhythmic Initiation? 

500

This scale presents seven stages of stroke to help a clinician further understand the recovery from a stroke. 

What is the Brunnstrom Stages of Stroke?

500

This term is defined as the ability to recognize symbols when they're traced on the skin

What is Graphesthesia?

500

This incomplete SCI occurs after the patient sustains a direct trauma from a fracture dislocation below the L1 vertebrae. 

What is Cauda Equina injury?

500
It's estimated that 50% of children with spina bifida are allergic to this common substance. 

What is latex?