General
A dynamic motor process involving the coordination of respiration, phonation, resonance, and articulation in order to produce strings of speech sounds grouped together in words.
What is speech production?
A collection of nuclei including the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus.
What is the basal ganglia circuit?
A group of motor speech disorders that results in difficulties with controlling the pitch, loudness, rhythm, and voice qualities of speech production.
What are the dysarthrias?
This nerve controls the muscles of the face, including muscles that purse, open, raise, lower, and retract the lips
What is the facial nerve CVII?
This level of the motor system includes the ideas, thoughts, and feelings in our minds.
What is the Conceptual Level?
Provides the power for speech production.
What is respiration?
The posterior lobe of this structure plays the most important role in speech production.
What is the cerebellum?
Provides the raw sound for speech production.
What is phonation?
Provides the tonal qualities for speech.
What is resonance?
Provides the speech sounds for speech production by the coming together of two or more anatomical structures.
What is articulation?
The type of movement seen in the video.
What are tremors?
The direct motor pathway, made up of two motor pathways, the lateral corticobulbar tract and the lateral corticospinal tract, and one medial motor pathway, the anterior corticospinal tract is also known as this system.
What is the pyramidal system?
Cerebellar damage can lead to this type of dysarthria that is characterized by harsh voice, monopitch, loud voice, imprecise consonants, and irregular breakdown in articulation.
What is ATAXIC DYSARTHRIA?
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is a crucial nerve for neurological control. The vagus nerve projects from the NA and splits into two branches, the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). The RLN innervates all the intrinsic laryngeal muscles with the exception of the cricothyroid muscle, which is innervated by the SLN.
What is the neurological control of phonation?
These are the involuntary and uncontrollable quick "dance-like" movements of the hands and feet.
What is "CHOREA"?
The type of movement demonstrated in the video.
What is chorea?
The indirect motor system, which controls involuntary movements involved in posture, muscle tone, and reflexes, as well as the coordination or modulation of movements is also known as this intricate system.
What is the extrapyramidal system?
Motor speech disorders (MSDs) includes these two disorders.
What are APRAXIA OF SPEECH and DYSARTHRIA?
Neurological control of this is a complicated process controlled by at least five cranial nerves: the trigeminal (V), facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X), and hypoglossal (XII). The pathway for motor control arises in the primary motor cortex.
What is the neurological control of articulation and resonance?
The ability to make rapid, alternating motor movements (e.g., saying CV combinations quickly).
What is DIADOCHOKINESIA?
Spastic, unilateral UMN, and flaccid dysarthria result from damage to this system.
What is pyramidal system damage?
This endpoint connection of speech includes the cranial and spinal nerves involved in phonation, resonance, and articulation as well as spinal nerves involved in respiration.
What is the Final Common Pathway?
The location of this neuron damage is associated with hypotonia, hyporeflexia, no clonus, fasciculations, no Babinski sign, and marked atrophy.
What are the lower motor neurons housed in the peripheral nervous system?
Several neurons in the pons and medulla regulate this, which is ultimately controlled by the autonomic nervous system
What is neurological control of respiration?
This is the body’s eyes for itself or the brain’s ability to know where the different parts of the body (arms, legs) are in space at a given time. Kinesthesia and joint position sense are the two components of this.
What is proprioception?