Getting on my nerves
This nerve stems from roots C3, C4, C5 and keeps you alive
Phrenic Nerve
The ICA and VA meet to create the
Circle of Willis
The that division coordinates complex somatic motor patterns, adjusts output of other somatic motor in the brain and spinal chord, relays sensory info to cerebellum and thalamus, subconscious somatic and visceral motor centers.
Metencephalon (cerebellum/pons)
What is the acronym to determine if you are experiencing a stroke
FAST: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty - Time to call 911
This selective barrier and transport apparatus is formed by endothelial cells and tigh junctions for protection.
Blood brain barrier
This nerve innervates the pelvic floor
Pudendal
The arteries that are majors sources of arterial blood for the brain
Bonus: Both of these arteries arise from the same source called...
Internal carotid arteries
Vertebral arteries
Bonus: The aortic arch
The telencephalon (cerebrum) coordinates the following.
Conscious thought processes, intellectual functioning
memory storage and processing
conscious and subconscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions
There are two types of stroke. What are they, which one is more dangerous?
Ischemic, hemorrhagic
- Trick question, more likely to die from Hemorrhagic, but Ischemic is more likely to result in lasting impairments and disability
These structures are the exception to the blood brain barrier
Endocrine structures ie. pineal gland, hypothalamus
Third and of the fourth ventricle
This nerve innervates the external oblique abdominal muscles
Obturator
The Anterior cerebral artery supplies these areas of the brain
Each bullet is worth 100 pts
- Medial Aspect of the frontal and parietal lobes
- Part of the cingulate gyrus and corpus callosum
- part of the basal ganglia and internal capsule
The Diecephalon includes two structures, what are they responsible for?
Hypothalamus - centers controlling emotions, autonomic functions and hormone production
According to 2016 stats, stroke is the _____ leading cause of death in the world
second
Name three of the characteristics of the pathophysiological process of tissue damage
This nerve innervates levator scapulae
Dorsal Scapular nerve
The three layers of cranial meninges are....
Bonus: Which layer contains the venous blood? Which layer contains arterial blood supply?
Dura matter- dural sinus
Arachnoid matter - arterial blood supply
This division is responsible for processing of visual and auditory data, generation of reflexive somatic motor responses and maintenance of consciousness.
Mesencephalon (Midbrain)
MCA
Contralateral: face and arm>leg weakness, sensory loss to all modalities, visual field cut, visual spatial neglect, Ipsilateral gaze preference, dominant hemisphere affected, aphasia, alexia, agraphia, acalcutia,
Why is cerebral autoregulation important? At what pressure is autoregulation lost?
- it is the ability of the brain to maintain relatively constant blow flow despite changes in perfusion pressure
normal is ~50ml/100g, anything above or below 60-160ml/g and autoregulation is lost
Serratus anterior is innervated by
Long thoracic nerve
Draw the circle of willis. Extra 50 pts of you can identify the area where the artery supplies in the brain.
Refer to notes because I am lazy.
The Medulla Oblongata is part of which division. What is this division function?
Myelencephalon - relays sensory information to cerebellum and thalamus, subconscious somatic and visceral motor centers
How would the signs and symptoms differ between a right MCA inferior and a left MCA inferior stroke?
Right MCA inferior
Profound hemineglect
Left visual field and somatosensory deficits
Dec left voluntary/spontaneous movements
Some mild left side weakness, but usually strong
Right gaze preference, esp on onset
Left MCA inferior
Wernicke's aphasia
Right visual deficits
Some right face/arm sensory loss
Motor for the most part normal (but may seem confused)
Mild right sided weakness
Factors that influence flow-metabolic coupling are?
CO2, O2, H+, Astrocyte substances