Gross Neuroanatomy
These are the structures in the dorsal striatum.
Substantia Nigra (SN)
DA release in this structure represents common final event assoc w reinforcing effects of opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, nicotine, PCP, and alcohol
Nucleus accumbens
This is the cell type that is responsible for myelin production in the CNS
Oligodendrocytes
This pathway in the basal ganglia facilitates and maintains motor programs
Direct pathway
A person with an inability to execute previously learned movements and gestures has a lesion in this lobe
Parietal lobe (apraxia)
These are the structures in the ventral striatum
NAC, ventral caudate and putamen
The is the structure which contains the major clusters of cell bodies containing serotonin in brain.
Raphe Nucleus
This is the cell type that secretes pro-inflammatory cytokines in the CNS
Microglia
This is the pathway in the basal ganglia that inhibits unwanted motor movements
Indirect pathway
Damage to this major brain structure results in difficulty w/rapid alternating movements of hand, overt intention tremor on finger-to-nose, and mildly dysmetric finger tamping.
Cerebellum
This circuit allows for processed sensory information to be compared to prior memories
Papez circuit
This neurotransmitter system is the last to mature in the CNS.
The cholinergic system
Adult neurogenesis occurs in this area of the brain
Hippocampus
Lesion in this area will cause anterograde amnesia and confabulation
Mammillary body (Korsakoff Syndrome)
This syndrome manifests with emotional placidity, hypersexuality and hyperorality.
(name the syndrome and localize the lesion)
Kluver bucy syndrome with lesion in the bilateral medial temporal lobes
This area of the cortex receives information from the limbic system and is involved in planning and motivation.
Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC)
This is the hormone released from adipose tissues which enters the brain, provides negative feedback, reduces food intake and regulates fat stores.
Leptin
This is the process of calcium mediated long-lasting increase in AMPA receptor signal transmission
Long term potentiation
This is the motor deficit associated with a left ACA stroke.
Contra-lateral leg weakness
Damage to this brain area results in rapid onset of right facial weakness, left limb weakness and diplopia.
Brainstem infarction
This part of the brain receives sensory information and attaches valence to this information
Amygdala
Pain associated with neurogenic inflammation is mediated by this neurotransmitter.
Substance P
Neural plasticity is largely mediated through the capacity to rapidly change in number and morphology this part of the neuron.
Dendritic Spines
This is the diagnosis for: 66 y/o with HTN develops vertigo, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, L face numbness, nystagmus, hoarseness, ataxia of limbs, staggering gait, and tendency to fall to the left.
Lateral medullary stroke
This is the area affected in the following syndrome: mild hemplegia, anosognosia, hemineglect, dressing apraxia
Non dominant parietal lobe