Delirium
What are some common symptoms
inability to direct, focus, sustain, and shift attention; an abrupt onset with clinical features that fluctuate with periods of lucidity; and disorganized thinking.
What is Parkinson's?
A disorder of the central nervous system that affects movement, often including tremors.
What is Dementia?
Deterioration of cognitive functioning
Who is the most at risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease?
A 70-year African-American female
What is Huntington's Disease?
fatal genetic that causes progressive nerve breakdown in the brain
Delirium is usually multi-factorial, so think about several etiologies in the same patient. True or false
True, delirium is often multi-factorial so look for more than one etiology in an individual patient.
What are three symptoms of Parkinson's?
speech changes
rigid muscles
tremors
What are the 4 symptoms of Dementia?
Cognitive decline from previous level of performance, cognitive deficits that may require greater effort or strategies, the cognitive deficits are not better explained by a mental disorder, the cognitive deficits do not occur exclusively in the context of delirium.
Which term identifies the phenomenon when every evening several residents in the Alzheimer’s disease wing of a long-term care facility become excessively agitated?
sundowning
What is Prion disease?
A rare, fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by misfolded prion proteins in the brain
What are some risk factors for delirium?
Pain
• Infection
• Dehydration
• Hypoxia
• Immobilization
• Poor or inadequate nutrition
• Environment noise, lack of orienting material, movement to new area
• Sleep deprivation
• Sensory problems, especially hearing and vision
• Restraint use
A patient with Parkinson's is admitted to the hospital, the nurse expects what kind of risk this patient will have?
a fall risk
Which type of dementia has a clear genetic link?
Alzheimer's Disease
At what stage of Alzheimer’s does the patient demonstrate difficulty with managing sequential motor tasks, naming, comprehension, and language fluency
middle stage
What are the symptoms included in Huntington's Disease? Select All
1. involuntary jerking
2. seizures
3. impaired gait
4. tarry stools
5. irritability
1,3,5
There are 3 types of delirium. Please check which type is the most common
hypoactive
A patient with Parkinson's Disease has slow movements that affects their swallowing, facial expressions, and ability to coordinate movements. As the nurse you will document the patient has:
Bradykinesia
What is the major difference between delirium and dementia?
Delirium is abrupt onset and dementia is gradual onset
Which nursing diagnosis would be a priority when caring for a patient with Alzheimer’s disease?
Risk for injury
Caregiver strain
Anticipatory grieving
Level of communication
risk for injury
Is Huntington's Disease fatal? Yes or No
yes
A 78 year old lady is admitted to the hospital for knee replacement surgery. When you see her, she is a little disheveled, answers your questions, but gets several wrong. For example, she says that the year is 1999 (actually 2010) and the month is January (actually March). She takes 8 medications on admission and just started Tylenol PM (diphenhydramine) so she could sleep during her hospitalization.
dementia
A patient who is diagnosed with Parkinson disease states, “I can’t tie my shoelaces anymore.” The healthcare provider recognizes that this patient’s problem is due to a deficiency in which of these neurotransmitters?
dopamine
What are the 5 common types of dementia?
Alzheimer's Disease, Cerebrovascular Disease, Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Lewy body disease, Parkinson's Disease
Which term refers to when a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease picks up their glasses from the bedside table but does not recognize what they are or their purpose?
Apraxia
Agnosia
Aphasia
Agraphia
2. agnosia
What is the life expectancy of someone with Huntington's Disease?
a. 10-20 years
b. 10-30 years
c. 5-10 years
b