Lobe functions
Influences the ability to read w/ understanding & is the primary visual receptor center
What is Occipital lobe?
Drooping of the eyelid seen w/ weak eye muscles such as in myasthenia gravis
What is Ptosis?
Absent or markedly decreased DTRs
What is Hyporeflexia or 0?
Pain & flexion of the hips & knees, suggesting meningeal inflammation/irritation
What is Brudzinski signs?
You palpate a thrill in the tricuspid area, expect to hear this upon cardiac auscultation
What is Murmur?
Directs voluntary, skeletal actions; influences communication (talking & writing), emotions, intellect, reasoning ability, judgment, behavior
Contains Broca area
What is Frontal lobe?
Responsible for speech
Pupils of unequal size
What is Anisocoria?
Normal DTRs
What is 2+?
Pain & increased resistance to extending the knee
If bilateral, should suspect
What is Kernig sign?
Meningeal irritation
During cardiac auscultation, you hear a high-pitched, early diastolic sound at the apex
What is Opening snap?
Interprets tactile sensations, including touch, pain, temperature, shapes, 2-point discrimination
What is Parietal lobe?
Impaired near vision; farsightedness
What is Hyperopia?
Increased or brisk DTRs, but not pathologic
What is 3+?
Patients with valve regurgitation will experience problems with the _________ flow of blood, whereas patients with stenosed heart valves will experience complications with the __________ flow of blood
What is Backward, Forward?
Receives & interprets impulses from the ear
Contains Wernicke area
What is Temporal lobe?
Responsible for interpreting auditory stimuli
Impaired near vision commonly due to aging (age 45 or older)
What is Presbyopia?
Present but decreased DTRs; less active than normal
What is 1+?
20/200
What is Legally blind?
Hyperactive, very brisk, rhythmic oscillations (clonus) DTRs; pathologic
What is Hyperreflexia or 4+?
Age > 60 yrs, slightly higher risk in males, hypertension, smoking, chronic alcohol intake, history of CVD, sleep apnea, high lvls of fibrinogen, diabetes mellitus, drug abuse, oral contraceptives, high estrogen lvls, postmenopausal women not taking estrogen replacement, obesity, African American ancestry, newly industrialized environment
What is Cerebrovascular accident (CVA/stroke)?