Stroke
A condition that is caused by uncontrolled hypertension, cholesterol plaque deposits, and/or hyperglycemic plaque deposits leading to blockage or rupture of cerebral blood vessels resulting in hemiparesis, hemiplegia, dysphagia, dysphasia, aphasia, increases intracranial pressure, coma, and possibly death.
What is a CVA (Stroke).
Fall Risk, aspiration risk,thicken feedings.
Prevention includes low fat diet, decrease sodium, and maintaining normal blood sugar levels. Exercise, weight loss, no smoking, and a healthy diet prevent this condition.
What is the term used to define chronic recurring abnormal brain electrical activity resulting in two or more seizures.
What is epilepsy
Seizures resulting from identifiable causes, such as substance withdrawal or fever, are not considered epilepsy.
Acute neurocognitive disorder experienced in more than 80% of clients in the intensive care unit and up to 50% of older adult hospitalized clients. Delirium is a medical emergency characterized by inattentiveness, disorganized thoughts, and an alteration in the client’s level of consciousness resulting in emotional manifestations, including psychotic behavior.
What is delirium?
A progressive neurological disease that is the primary cause of dementia and leads to progressive loss of brain function. This disease starts with forgetfulness, proceeds to wandering behaviors, and eventually loss of all bodily function and death. Neurological brain tangles and loss of acetylcholine in the brain are involved in this disease.
What is Alzheimer's
A condition in which usually middle-age Caucasian men develop progressive tremors, shuffling gait, cog-wheel rigidity, bradykinesia, mask-like facial expression, and prone to falls, aspirations, and problems with mobility due to the lack of dopamine in the basal ganglia of the brain.
What is Parkinsons Disease.
What is a concern with with a stroke patient who has a limb paralysis?
What is foot drop
How long does a clonic seizure typically last?
What is a few minutes.
What are the types of delirium?
What are the 4 main medications for Alzheimer's disease?
What is
•Donepezil
•Memantine
•Cholinesterase
•Pimavanserin
What type of medication that is typically OTC can be given to patients with PD and what does it improve?
. What is diphenhydramine and it can help with tremors.
What medications are contraindicated for a patient who needs TPA?
What are some rescue medications used to terminate seizures that last more than a few minutes.
diazepam (Valium), lorazepam (Ativan), and midazolam (Versed)
What unit of the hospital is known for having patients who have frequent issues with delirium?
What is the intensive care unit?
True or False: Someone who has dementia automatically has Alzheimer's disease?
What is false. Dementia is an umbrella statement for many diseases, Alzheimer's is just one.
What are the 4 discernable symptoms of PD?
What are resting tremors, muscle rigidity, slowness of movement (bradykinesia) or loss of movement (akinesia)
*postural instability (impaired balance and frequent falls) is also a potential discernable symptom
Temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain and can precede a ischemic stroke?
What is TIA?
What are top nursing actions that should be implemented when a seizure begins to take place?
What is turn patient on their side, remove all objects that could cause harm, make sure the patient is not in an area that can inflict injury.
What are the two primary screen methods for delirium?
What is Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) and Delirium Index (DI) are used as screening methods.
What is confabulation?
What is Filling in gaps of memory with fabrication of stories. Many times, this happens when a patient feels anxiety about not being able to remember details of their past
What is one of the main safety concerns for a patient with PD?
What is falls, aspiration risk
The condition that can be caused by a bleed in the brain, a clot in the brain, or edema of the brain that can be caused by electrolyte imbalance, and other causes. This must be monitored in the first 72 hours after onset of stroke symptoms. A decrease in level of consciousness of the patient can be a symptom. Raising the bed to 30 degrees can be an intervention.
What is increased intracranial pressure.
What is status epilepticus?
What is repeated seizure activity without full recovery within a 30-min time frame or a single prolonged seizure lasting more than 5 min. The complications associated with this condition are related to decreased oxygen levels, inability of the brain to return to normal functioning, and continued assault on neuronal tissue. This acute condition requires immediate treatment to prevent permanent loss of brain function and death.
The usual causes are substance withdrawal, sudden withdrawal from AEDs, head injury, cerebral edema, infection, and metabolic disturbances
What is false
Name the diagnostic procedure used to diagnose a patient with Alzheimer's disease?
What is-there is not definitive diagnostic test or procedure for AD.
What cells are impacted with Parkinson's Disease?
What are dopamine producing brain cells.