Assessments
The name and function of CN IX.
What is glossopharyngeal; tongue movement, gag reflex, and taste?
Aura
What is a perceptual disturbance warning of a migraine or seizure?
Definition of Meningitis
What is inflammation of the meninges?
What are common types of primary headaches?
Migraines, cluster headaches, and tension-type headaches (TTH)
The difference between Ischemic and Hemorrhagic stroke
Ischemic: embolisms or plaques block arteries that supply the brain. Also the most common type of stroke.
Hemorrhagic: when blood vessels in the brain leaks or ruptures, increasing pressure on the brain.
The Glasgow Coma Scale score for a patient who only opens their eyes in response to pressure, says "eleven" when asked their name, and reflexively moves away from pressure or painful stimuli.
What is 9?
Eye response = 2
Verbal response = 3
Motor response = 4
A common antiepileptic drug.
What is phenytoin?
Two types of meningitis.
What is viral and bacterial?
The difference between primary and secondary headaches
Primary Headache: those that are not caused by any other medical conditions.
Secondary Headache: those that are caused by underlying health conditions (trauma, infections, intracranial disorders, vascular disorders, or psychiatric disorders)
The common causes for each type of stroke
Ischemic: stenosis or atherosclerosis of large intracranial and extracranial arteries. 20-30% of ischemic strokes are caused by disease of small cerebral blood vessels
Hemorrhagic: leakage of blood from small cerebral arteries that have been damaged over time from hypertension or leakage/rupturing of aneurysms
The main functions of the parietal lobe of the brain.
What is sensory info, body/spatial awareness, and language processing?
Absence (Petite Mal) Seizures
Loss of consciousness for 10 to 30 seconds
No motor activity or mild symmetrical activity such as blinking.
May occur several hundred times daily
Rare in adults, typically stop occurring during adolescence
Treatments for meningitis (3)
What are antibiotics, corticosteroids, and time.
What population is less likely to report primary headaches?
Clients older than 65 due to comorbidities. Primary headaches may present in atypical manner and are usually tension, migraine, and hypnic (sleep inducing) headaches
The psychosocial effects on clients
Delirium, depression, dementia, and pseudobulbar affect (neurological condition that causes involuntary, inappropriate crying or laughing)
The mnemonic for the cranial nerves.
What is: On Old Olympus Towering Tops A Finn And German Viewed Some Hops?
(Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Acoustic, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Spinal Accessory, Hypoglossal)
Status epilepticus.
Repeated seizure activity without full recovery in a 30-minute time frame or a single prolonged seizure lasting more than 5 minutes.
Normal meninges
What are the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater?
Client Education: The clients should seek immediate medical attention when...
What is FAST?
Face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time to call emergency services
Five neurologic diagnostic tests and a nursing consideration for each.
Cerebral angiography: kidneys, bleeding
Cerebral computed tomography (CT) scan: don't wear metal
Electroencephalography (EEG): avoid caffeine prior
Lumbar puncture (spinal tap): cerebral tumor, bleeding
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): remove metal, patches with foil backing, claustrophobia
Positron emission tomography (PET), Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT): diabetes mellitus
Radiography (x-ray): remove jewelry/clothing over area
Complex partial seizure clinical manifestations.
Automatisms (behaviors that the client is unaware of, such as lip smacking or picking at clothes)
Loss of consciousness or blackout for several minutes
Amnesia immediately prior or after seizure
Hallucinations
Dysphasia
If you feel this symptom of meningitis, seek help immediately
What is nuchal rigidity (neck rigidity)?
The pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments used to prevent headache? Who are pharmacilogical treatment reserved for?
Pharmacological:
Nonpharmacological:
Manifestations of Stroke
More common with hemorrhagic strokes: