Anatomy & Physiology
This controls the most basic functions of the body, such as breathing, blood pressure swallowing, and pupil constriction.
What is the brainstem?
The patient is not thinking clearly, or is incapable of being aroused.
What is altered mental status?
This occurs as a result of bleeding in the brain.
What is hemorrhagic stroke?
These types of headaches are not considered to be life threatening.
What are tension headaches, migraines, and sinus headaches?
This type of seizure is typically characterized by unconsciousness and a generalized severe twitching of all of the body's muscles that last for several minutes or longer.
What is a generalized seizure (or tonic-clonic seizure)?
This is a continuation of the brain stem.
What is the spinal cord?
Hypoglycemia can mimic this condition.
What is a stroke?
This type of stroke is the most common type of stroke accounting for more than 80% of stroke.
What is ischemic stroke?
This headache is caused by pressure that is the result of fluid accumulation in the sinus cavities.
What is a sinus headache?
The period following a seizure that typically includes labored respirations and altered mental status.
What is postictal state?
At each vertebra in the neck and back, how many nerves, called spinal nerves branch out from the spinal cord and send signals to the body?
What is TWO spinal nerves?
The Cincinnati prehospital stroke scale measures these three things.
What is facial droop, arm drift, and speech?
People with this underlying condition have a higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
What is uncontrolled hypertension?
These types of headaches are thought to be caused by changes in blood vessel size in the base of the brain.
What is a migraine?
This type of seizure does not involve any changes in motor activity and is called a petit mal, or absent seizure.
What is Partial Seizure (or focal seizure)?
This part of the brain controls muscle and body coordination.
What is cerebellum?
This is a reduction in blood supply that results in inadequate O2 being supplied to the brain cells.
What is ischemia?
A transient ischemic attack (TIA), or "mini stroke", is the name given to a stroke when symptoms go away on their own in less than this amount of time.
What is twenty-four hours?
This type of headache is caused ny muscle contractions in the head and neck and are attributed to stress.
What is a tension headache?
Seizures that continue every few minutes without the patient regaining consciousness or last longer than 30 minutes are called what
What is status epilepticus?
You brain contains this (number and type of nerves) that run directly from the brain to various parts of the head.
What are 12 cranial nerves?
This mnemonic is used when reviewing the possible causes of altered mental status.
What is AEIOU TIPS? - Alcohol, Epilepsy, endocrine electrolytes, Insulin, Opiates, Uremia, Trauma, temperature, Infection, Poisoning, psychogenic causes, Shock, stroke, seizure, syncope, space-occupy-lesion, subarachnoid hemorrhage?
You ask the patient, "What day is it today?" Her reply is "butterfly." Which area of the brain is likely affected.
What is the left hemisphere?
This is an mnemonic for remembering headache red flags.
What is SNOOP?- Systemic signs, neurologic signs, onset sudden, older age, Pattern change
These are medications used most often to treat seizures.
What is Keppra, Dilantin, Phenobarbital, Tegretol, Depakote, Topamax, and Klonopin?