Ear disorders
What ear disorder is known as swimmers ear
Otitis Externa
How should you instruct parents when cleaning eye secretions with conjunctivitis
Wipe inner canthus downward and away from the opposite eye
What is Cranial nerve V
what would a disfunction in this nerve exhibit
Trigeminal
difficulty to chew
What is Reyes Syndrome
What medication is contraindicated
acute noninflammatory encephalopathy (brain infection) and hepatophaty (infection in liver) after a viral infection in children
ASA
What are some common seizure triggers
flashing dark light patterns
startling movements
overhydration
photosensitivity
What are three ossicles (bones of middle ear)
Malleus
Incus
Staples
What is Hyphema?
How can it occur?
Extra 100 if you can tell me what degree the HOB should be elevated to reduce intraocular pressure
blood in anterior chamber of the eye (common ocular injury)
blunt/perf injury, blows from flying objets, forceful cough/sneeze
HOB elevated 30 to 45 degree
What is Cranial nerve XI
Damage to this nerve may show difficulty in doing what?
Spinal Accessory
turning head and shrugging shoulders
Main cause of Meningitis in newborns
What is bacterial meningitis
Extra hundred if you know what is performed at first indication of meningitis
Group B strep
Purulent thick exudate surrounds meninges and adjacent structures
Spinal tap/lumbar puncture
Name and describe the two types of posturing after a severe brain injury
Decorticate (flex)
Decerebrate (Extensor)
What diagnosis is associated with the task of having an infant bottle feed juice or water to promote swallowing producing autoinflation and relief os symptoms
Barotrauma
What is strabismus?
What is the most common type ?
what is the other type?
Extra 100 if you know what the difference is between the two
cross eyed/squinting
Nonparalytic (concomitant): constant deviation in gaze one eye always looks crossed Extra Ocular Muscles are normal
Paralytic (incomitant):Involves a paralysis or weakness in extraoular muscle. double vision is experienced
What nerve is Cranial nerve VIII
What does the dysfunction of this nerve cause
What is another name for this nerve
Acoustic
hearing loss
Vestibulocochlear
What are the 3 category types for causes of seizures in children
Name one from each category
Intracranial: Epilepsy, congenital anomaly birth injury, infection, trauma, degenerative diseases, vascular disorder
Extracranial: fever, heart disease, metabolic, hypocalcemia hypoglycemia, dehydration/malnutrition
Toxic: anesthetics, drugs poisons
Box 23.2 553
Name 3 side effects of Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Ataxia, insomnia, nystagmus, hyperplasia, hirsutism, rash , nausea, Vit D and folic acid deficiencies
Name 4 nursing tips to use when addressing a hearing impaired child
Eye level, face to face, eye contact, short sentences, avoid exaggerated lip or face movements
What is retinoblastoma?
Average age at DX?
Cat eye reflection associated with this is caused from what?
Standard treatment if unilateral is?
malignant tumor of the retina of the eye
2 yrs and 90% diagnosed by 5
yellowish while reflex seen in the pupil due to tumor behind lens
Enucleation.. (removal) if no possibility of saving the eye
What is cranial nerve: X
Name a dysfunctions of this nerve
Name two nursing interventions
Vagus
Difficult in talking or swallowing, visceral malfunction
provide means of communication assess for aspiration and assess body system functions and Vital signs
What are the 4 types of CP
Give me a characteristic of each one
Spastic: damage to cortex of brain, spasms occur with movement, related to cerebral asphyxia
Athetoid (Dyskinetic) damage to basil nuclei ganglion. continuous involuntary writhing movements, associated with hyper bili
Ataxic: uncoordinated movements and ataxia from a lesion in the crebellum
Mixed: usually a combo of spastic and athetoid
What do you do for all children who experience near drowning
What are priorities of care for a child who was submerged more than 10 minutes with failure to regain consciousness at scene or within 24 hours
Admit for 24 hours to observation at close monitoring, look for development of cerebral edema, evidence by and Altered level of consciousness
Resp cardac support, controlled rewarming, adequate cerebral oxygenations
Name 5 S&S of ear infections
Rubbing or pulling at ear
rolling head side to side
hearing loss, loud speech, inattentive behavior
articulation problems, speech development issues
Name 5 S&S of strabismus
squinting frowning to focus, reaching for objects and missing, covering one eye to see, tilting head to see, dizzy or HA
Name the four Cranial nerves that involve the eye
II: Optic (sight)
III: oculomotor (Pupil Dilation,extraocular movements, pupil size and reactivity open eye)
IV: Trochlear (rotation of eye ball,eye downward (toward the tip of the nose)
VI: Abducens: (eye movemen, turns the eye laterally)
What is the second most common type of neoplasm in children behind leukemia?
Name 4 signs and symptoms
Brain Tumors
Increased ICP, HA, Vomit, Drowsy, Seizure, Nystagmus (jerky movement of eye), strabismus, decreased vision, papilledema (edema of optic nerve) may occur
Name the 4 types of epilepsy (seizures)
Generalized
Petit mal (absence)
Partial
A. Simple partial or focal aware
B. Complex partial focal seizure impaired awareness
Atonic absense or infantile spasms benign myoclonic seizure