Brain Anatomy
This lobe is responsible for executive functioning and voluntary motor control.
What is the frontal lobe?
This neurologic scale evaluates eye opening, verbal response, and motor response.
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?
According to this, increased volume of one intracranial component requires a decrease in another.
What is the Monro-Kellie Doctrine?
This type accounts for about 85% of all strokes.
What is an ischemic stroke?
This is a possible cause of a seizure.
Possible answers: Genetic/congenital, medication or substances, metabolic, infection, structural (trauma/tumor).
This lobe processes vision.
What is the occipital lobe?
Nurses routinely assess these three components when evaluating pupils.
What are size, symmetry, and reactivity?
This is one of the earliest signs of increased ICP.
What is a change in level of consciousness?
This type of stroke results from vessel rupture and bleeding.
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
Low sodium is an example of this seizure cause category.
What are metabolic causes?
This structure coordinates balance and fine motor movement.
What is the cerebellum?
Slurred speech is called this.
What is dysarthria?
This would be consider a late sign of increased ICP
Possible answers: Pupillary changes, seizures, posturing, coma
This acronym is used to recognize stroke symptoms quickly.
What is FAST?
This phase of a tonic-clonic seizure can be characterized by rhythmic shaking.
What is the clonic phase?
This fluid cushions and protects the brain and spinal cord.
What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
This stroke severity scale is recommended for baseline and post-treatment assessment.
What is the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS)?
This would be considered a first-tier intervention in managing increased ICP.
Possible answers: Maintaining a normal MAP (CPP), elevate HOB, control fever, pain management, reduce stimuli.
A stroke score of 21-42 indicates this severity.
What is a severe stroke?
This phase following a seizure commonly includes drowsiness and confusion.
What is the postictal phase?
Approximately how much CSF is produced each day?
What is 500 mL per day?
Name four components of the stroke scale.
Examples include consciousness, gaze, visual fields, facial movements, motor arm/leg, sensory, language, articulation, extinction/inattention.
Name two osmotic therapies used in second-tier ICP management.
What are mannitol and hypertonic saline? (Loop diuretics also accepted.)
This procedure can be used for large vessel occlusion strokes.
What is mechanical thrombectomy?
This condition is a neurologic emergency when seizure activity lasts longer than 30 minutes.
What is status epilepticus?