Neuropardy

Definition of Neuroscience

1

This person was famous for surviving a 3-foot tamping iron being shot through his head.

Who was Phineas Gage?

2

Also called "biological psychology" or "physiological psychology," this is the study of the neural bases for mental processes and behavior.

What is behavioral neuroscience?

3

1. Describing behavior

2. Ontogeny

3. Mechanisms

4. Applications

5. Evolution

What are the perspectives of (behavioral) neuroscience?

History of Neuroscience

1

A pseudoscientific field of study which is characterized, in part, by examining the bumps on the scalp and estimating the cognitive abilities of a person.

What is phrenology?

2

This Greek was a physician to gladiators in Ancient Rome and proposed that the brain controls behavior (by way of animal spirits traveling through nerves).

Who was Galen of Pergamon?

3

This researcher's work represented a significant contribution to out understanding of how motivation and learning are related.

Who was Donald O. Hebb?

Methodology

1

This is a special procedure which allows us to examine cause-and-effect relationships between independent variables and dependent variables.

What is an experiment?

2

This is one of three major methodological approaches in neuroscience research in which the researcher manipulates what the subject does and measures changes in the subject's nervous system.

What is (a) behavioral intervention?

3

This term describes the scientific strategy of breaking systems down into increasingly smaller parts.

What is reductionism?

Anatomical Location

1

This is the central reference of the nervous system. It has a different shape for bipedal organisms than for quadrupedal organisms.

What is the neuraxis?

2

This direction is the opposite of "distal."

What is "proximal"?

3

These words are translated as "nose (snout)" and "tail," and both refer to anatomical directions or locations.

What are "rostral" and "caudal"?

Neurons

1

Associated with Santiago Ramón y Cajal, this is a founding principle of modern neuroscience. According to this, [special cells] are separate units.

What is the Neuron Doctrine?

2

One of four "zones", this is where axons propagate signals toward the terminal. This may contain branches known as axon collaterals.

What is the conduction zone?

3

This term describes the activity of a neuron in which materials are returned from the terminal to the soma (cell body).

What is retrograde axonal transport?