Neuroanatomy
Central Nervous System
What is the collective term for our brain + our spinal cord?
Radial glia
What are the cells that guide and support early neuronal development?
Axon
What is the part of the neuron that transmits messages to other neurons?
Astrocytes
What are the star-like glial cells in our brains?
Phineas Gage
Who was the unfortunate fellow whose brain injury taught us about the prefrontal cortex?
Sagittal
What is a sideways cut section of the brain called?
Neocortex
What is the name for the outermost part of our brains, which in humans is uniquely wrinkly?
Dendrites
What are the "antennae" of neurons, that receive incoming messages, called?
Myelin
What is the fatty membrane produced by oligodendrocytes called?
Santiago Ramon y Cajal
Who was the prolific Spanish scientist who famously drew microscopic-scale neurons and glia?
Dorsal
What is the top/back part of the brain called?
Bilateral symmetry
What is the feature of our brain describing two "mirrored" identical halves/hemispheres called?
Nodes of Ranvier
What are the gaps between myelin sheaths along axons called?
Phagocytosis
What is a special ability of microglia ("eating" harmful pathogens in the brain)
Dualist
What do you call a person who believes the brain and mind are separate things?
Cerebellum
What is the name of the most posterior part of our brain, responsible for movement and "basic" functions?
Neural tube
What is the name of the early embryonic structure that eventually gives rise to all of our brain's neurons?
Projection neuron
What is a neuron with a long axon called?
Schwann Cells
What are the myelinating cells that wrap around peripheral nerves known as?
Trepanation
What is the ancient practice of drilling holes in the skulls of people to cure them?
Hippocampus
What is the name of the part of our brain most critical for memory?
Rita Levi Montalcini
Who was the scientist who discovered the first growth factors that guide axonal development?
Golgi stain
What method of visualizing cell bodies uses silver chromate?
Axon Hillock
What is the first part of the axon called?
Franz Joseph Gall
Who invented the problematic practice of phrenology?