Psych/Neuro
This second generation antipsychotic is generally better tolerated in older adults or with those with movement disorders
What is quetiapine?
This neurodegenerative disorder presents with combined upper and lower motor neuron signs without sensory loss.
What is ALS?
This lipid abnormality is suggested by an LDL cholesterol level >190 mg/dL and a family history of premature cardiovascular disease.
What is familial hypercholesterolemia?
This ACC/AHA blood pressure category is defined as systolic 120–129 mm Hg with diastolic <80 mm Hg.
What is elevated blood pressure?
This type of heart failure is characterized by pulmonary congestion, dyspnea, orthopnea, and crackles on exam.
What is Left-sided heart failure?
This type of dementia is characterized by a stepwise cognitive decline associated with cerebrovascular disease.
What is vascular dementia?
This dementia is most strongly associated with amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein.
What is Alzheimer’s disease?
This is the recommended LDL cholesterol target for patients at very high cardiovascular risk.
What is LDL <70?
This physiologic process occurs when renal sodium excretion is impaired, contributing to hypertension.
What is volume expansion and increased blood pressure?
This is the most common cause of right ventricular failure.
What is left-sided heart failure?
Excessive, uncontrollable worry occurring more days than not for at least six months defines this anxiety disorder.
What is generalized anxiety disorder?
Delusions and hallucinations in the absence of a mood episode most strongly suggest this primary psychotic disorder.
What is schizophrenia?
This endocrine disorder is a reversible secondary cause of elevated LDL cholesterol.
What is hypothyroidism?
This secondary cause of hypertension originates from excess catecholamine release and requires plasma free metanephrines for diagnosis.
What is pheochromocytoma?
This cardiac biomarker is commonly elevated in heart failure and is used to support the diagnosis in patients presenting with dyspnea.
What is BNP or NT-proBNP?
Treatment of this disorder may include plasmapheresis or IVIG to reduce circulating antibodies.
What is Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Visual hallucinations, fluctuating cognition, and parkinsonian motor features suggest this type of dementia.
What is dementia with Lewy bodies?
These supplements are used primarily to reduce serum triglyceride levels by decreasing hepatic VLDL production.
What are omega-3 fatty acids?
These three findings define metabolic syndrome.
What are abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia (↑ TG / ↓ HDL), and insulin resistance?
This stage of heart failure includes patients with structural heart disease and current or prior symptoms of HF.
What is Stage C heart failure?
Oligoclonal bands in the CSF are a characteristic finding in this chronic demyelinating disease of the CNS.
What is multiple sclerosis?
This medication should be avoided in older adults due to its long half-life and high risk of drug-drug interactions.
What is fluoxetine (Prozac)?
This life-threatening complication is associated with triglyceride levels >500–1000 mg/dL.
What is acute pancreatitis?
This complication of chronic hypertension results from left ventricular hypertrophy and leads to impaired ventricular relaxation.
What is diastolic dysfunction (HFpEF)?
These four medication classes form the foundation of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for HFrEF.
What are ARNI (or ACE-I/ARB), beta-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and SGLT2 inhibitors?