Parts of a neuron
Fatty covering around the axon that increases communication speed
What is the myelin sheath?
A neurotransmitter chemical whose function it is to "excite" or activate a neuron
What is excitatory?
Normal cells have this many pairs of chromosomes
What is 23 pairs?
Part of the brain that plays an important role in fear and aggression
What is the amygdala?
What is the central nervous system?
Cell body that contains the nucleus and other important parts
What is the soma?
What is a refractory period?
Entire genetic makeup of an organism
Known as the "Master Gland"
What is the pituitary gland?
Carries information to the various parts of the body
What is the peripheral nervous system?
Long tube that carries a neuron's messages
What is the axon?
Too low levels of this neurotransmitter cause Parkinson’s
What is dopamine?
DBS is used to treat this
What are movement problems?
What is the right half of the brain controlling the left half of the body and vice versa?
Neurons that carry incoming info from sense receptors
What are sensory neurons?
Short fibers that extend from the cell body/receives information from other neurons
What is a dendrite?
Too low levels of this neurotransmitter cause Alzheimer’s
What is acetylcholine?
Chemical messengers secreted by the glands into the bloodstream and regulate the activity of cells or organs
What are hormones?
Directs all of the endocrine glands in the body
What is the hypothalamus?
Send information between the different types of neurons
What are interneurons?
The point of communication between neurons
What is a synapse?
List 5 neurotransmitters
What are acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA, Glutamate, and Endorphins?
The degree to which genetics explains the individual variations in observable properties
What is heritability?
5 different methods of studying the brain
What is a CT scan, MRI, EEG, MEG, PET scan, fMRI?
Communication between neurons is first ____ and then ___
What is electrical and then chemical?