Neuron Structure & Types
These are the anatomical components of a neuron that receive incoming signals.
1. What are dendrites?
The typical resting membrane potential of a neuron.
6. What is -70 mV?
The specialized junction where neurons communicate.
11. What is a synapse?
The three prenatal developmental stages.
16. What are pre-embryonic, embryonic, fetal stages?
Structures that convert stimuli into electrical signals
21. What are sensory receptors?
The functional unit responsible for transmitting signals in the nervous system
2. What is a neuron?
This type of potential is small, graded, and spreads short distances.
7. What is a local potential?
This type of synapse uses neurotransmitters
12. What is a chemical synapse?
Structure that forms brain and spinal cord
17. What is the neural tube?
Receptors that respond to touch and pressure
22. What are mechanoreceptors?
This type of neuron has multiple dendrites and one axon and is the most common
3. What is a multipolar neuron?
The threshold membrane potential required to trigger an action potential
8. What is -55 mV?
Ion responsible for triggering neurotransmitter release
13. What is calcium (Ca²⁺)?
Three primary brain vesicles.
18. What are forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain?
Area of skin innervated by one sensory neuron.
23. What is a receptive field?
These non-neuronal cells maintain homeostasis and support neurons.
4. What are glial cells?
Phase when sodium channels open and membrane becomes positive.
9. What is depolarization?
Postsynaptic potential that increases likelihood of firing.
14. What is an EPSP?
Structure that forms peripheral nervous system cells
19. What is the neural crest?
Receptors that adapt rapidly and detect vibration
24. What are phasic receptors?
This functional zone initiates the action potential
5. What is the axon hillock (trigger zone)?
Principle stating AP size does not change once threshold is reached.
10. What is the all-or-none principle?
Process combining multiple synaptic inputs
15. What is synaptic integration?
Condition caused by failure of inferior neuropore closure
20. What is spina bifida?
Four attributes used to encode sensory information.
25. What are modality, location, intensity, duration?