General Neuroscience
What is neuroscience the study of?
The nervous system and its various components
Which lobe of the brain is home to the primary visual cortex?
Occipital
What did Hippocrates believe about the function of the brain?
Seat/center of intelligence
A tumor moving farther from the midline and toward the temporal lobe is described as shifting _____?
Laterally
What type of bodily functions are regulated by the autonomic nervous system?
Automatic/Involuntary
What part of the brain is found to be responsible for speech production? (HINT: Think of the famous scientist! It is named after him.)
Broca's area
Which lobe is responsible for planning, decision-making, and reasoning?
Frontal
Which scientist provided evidence for the localization of brain functions?
Broca
What are the names of the folds and grooves found on the brain’s surface?
Gyri and sulci
What type of body movements does the somatic nervous system control?
Voluntary/skeletal movement
What structure of the brain acts as a filter for toxins and protects the brain from harmful substances?
BBB- Blood-Brain Barrier
Which lobe helps the brain process touch, pressure, and spatial awareness?
Parietal
What was the purpose of practicing trepanation in ancient times?
Release pressure/cure ailments
What anatomical term refers to the bottom side of the brain?
Ventral
What automatic response is triggered by the sympathetic nervous system?
Fight or Flight
What step of the scientific process helps ensure a study’s results are reliable?
Replication
Which lobe is essential for interpreting language, memory, and recognition?
Temporal
Why was the practice of phrenology eventually rejected by scientists?
Pseudoscience- lacked scientific evidence!
This type of control demonstrates instances where the left side of the brain controls features on the right side of the body:
Contralateral
What state is promoted by the parasympathetic nervous system?
Rest and Digest
What are the five major levels of analysis used in neuroscience?
Molecular
Cellular
Systems
Behavioral
Cognitive
What part of the brain coordinates balance and fine motor movements?
Cerebellum
How did Darwin’s theory of natural selection influence the study of the brain? (HINT: Think of how it may be unethical to use human brains in studying neuroscience)
Comparing species’ brains/Using animals as models
Afferent (sensory) nerves enter the spinal cord through which side?
Dorsal
How do afferent and efferent neurons differ in the direction they carry information?
Afferent- info towards CNS
Efferent- info away from CNS