Sense your Anatomy
What fluid is found in the anterior chamber of the eye?
Aqueous humor
what is often called the "silent thief of sight"
Glaucoma
Which physical exam finding is typical of otitis externa?
Edematous, erythematous ear canal
A patient reports a sudden loss of smell after a head injury. Which cranial nerve is likely affected?
CN I (Olfactory nerve)
What is status epilepticus?
A seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or multiple seizures without recovery
What are rods responsible for?
night or low night vision
What is the main goal of glaucoma treatment?
Lower intraocular pressure to prevent optic nerve damage
A patient has vertigo lasting hours, fluctuating hearing loss, and tinnitus. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Ménière’s disease
Which cranial nerve abducts the eye?
CN VI (Abducens)
What is the best initial diagnostic test for meningitis?
Lumbar puncture (Spinal tap)
What is the name of the "blind spot" where no photoreceptors are found?
Optic disc
Which test is commonly used to measure intraocular pressure?
Tonometry
Which dietary recommendation is most important in managing Ménière’s disease?
Low-sodium diet
Damage to which cranial nerve can cause hoarseness and difficulty swallowing?
CN X (Vagus)
What causes the motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease?
Decreased dopamine
what are the three layers your eyeball is composed of?
Fibrous Layer (Outer Layer),Vascular Layer (Middle Layer), Neural Layer (Inner Layer)
refers to the separation of the retinal pigment epithelium from the neurosensory layer
Retinal detachment
What is a common risk factor for developing BPPV?
head trauma
A patient complains of sharp, electric-shock pain on one side of the face triggered by touch. Which nerve is involved?
CN V (Trigeminal nerve)
What is the primary cause of the damage in multiple sclerosis?
autoimmune response attacks and damages the myelin
Which cranial nerve transmits impulses from the retina to the occipital lobe?
CN II (optic nerve)
Which cranial nerve is primarily assessed by the Weber and Rinne tests?
CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear)
Which symptom is most characteristic of BPPV?
Brief episodes of vertigo triggered by changes in head position
You ask a patient to stick out their tongue. It deviates to the right. Which nerve are affected?
CN XII (Hypoglossal)
What is the most important safety precaution to take when caring for a patient during a seizure?
Protect the patient from injury by clearing the area and positioning them safely