Brod strokes
What is the Brodmann area for primary motor cortex, SMA, and frontal eye fields?
Area 4, 6, 8
Layer __ of the cortical mantle contains the largest neurons in the cortex
5
Name the three divisions of the inferior frontal gyrus from anterior to posterior
Pars orbitalis, pars triangularis, and pars opercularis
* pars opercularis and triangularis contain Broca's area
Name the connections of these 3 types of fibers: association fibers, commissural fibers, and projection fibers
1. Association fibers - connect cortical areas within the same hemisphere
2. Commissural fibers - connect cortical areas between opposite hemispheres
3. Projection fibers - link the cortex with the brainstem, diencephalon, and spinal cord
What is the name of the interthalamic adhesion that connects the two thalami together?
Massa intermedia
What is the Brodmann area for the postcentral gyrus in order from anterior to posterior?
Area 3,1,2
Name the six layers of the cortical mantle
1. Plexiform (molecular); 2. External granular; 3. External pyramidal; 4. Internal granular 5. Internal pyramidal; 6. Multiform
Where is the secondary somatosensory cotex located?
Inferior portion of the postcentral gyrus, abutting the sylvian fissure
Name the fibers that connect Broca's and Wernicke's areas
Arcuate fasciculus
What is the sole sensory tract that does NOT run through the thalamus?
Olfaction
What is the Brodmann area for Broca's area
Areas 44, 45
In the precentral gyrus, layer 5 contains the _______, whose axons form the CST and corticobulbar tracts
Giant pyramidal cells of Betz
The precentral and postcentral gyri extend on the medial surface and forms this lobule
Paracentral lobule - important for bladder control
What fibers travel through the posterior internal capsule (3)
CST, corticopontine, superior thalamic radiations
What specific structure divides the thalamus into 3 groups - medial, lateral, and anterior - which are then further divided into specific nuclei.
Internal medullary lamina
What is the Brodmann area for the auditory cortex AND where is located?
Area 41 and 42; superior temporal gyrus (Heschl's gyrus)
Thalamic sensory nuclei synapse in this cortical layer
Layer 4
Afferent projection fibers go from deep structures to granular layer of cortex. Efferent projections come from the pyramidal layer of the cortex (layer 5 Betz) and descend to deeper structures (i.e. CST)
The calcarine fissure of the occipital lobe separates the medial surface of the lobe into what 2 gyri above and below?
Cuneus above, lingual gyrus below
Corticobulbar tracts run through what part of the internal capsule
Genu
What nucleus of the thalamus sends/receives projections from the olfactory and limbic systems
What is the Brodmann areas for 1. the primary visual cortex, and 2. the visual association cortex
Primary visual cortex: area 17
Visual association cortex: area 18, 19
This important band of fibers is located in Layer 4 of the cortex, and is particulary prominent in the calcarine cortex. Name 1. the band and 2. the prominent and grossly visible white stripe it forms in the calcarine cortex
1. the external band of Baillarger
2. the line/band of Gennari
What is the hippocampal formation comprised of
Hippocampus proper (Ammon's horn, CA1-4), dentate gyrus, and subiculum
Outline the circuit of Papez, starting in the parahippocampal gyrus
Parahippocampal gyrus -> hippocampus -> fornix -> mammillary body -> anterior nucleus of the thalamus -> cingulate gyrus
The lateral thalamus is divided into the ventral tier and dorsal tier.
Name the major sensory relay nuclei in the ventral posterior tier and the fibers they carry (2)
Name the largest nuclei of the dorsal tier
1. VPL - carries ML/STT fibers to primary somatosensory cortex
2. VPM - carries trigeminothalamic tracts and taste fibers from solitary nucleus to primary somatosensory cortex
Pulvinar