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Lecture Vocab
Eyre-Walker & Keightley
Ohta
Mutations
Review
100
2 types of frequency dependence
What is positive and negative?
100
The relative frequencies of different types of mutations.
What is the Distribution of Fitness Effects (DFE)?
100
The theory that predicted that larger populations would evolve slower than smaller populations.
What is Nearly Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution?
100
This type of mutation has little or no effect on fitness.
What is neutral mutation?
100
One or more species included to provide the direction in a phylogenetic study
What is an outgroup?
200
When the fitness of an allele is influenced by the frequency in the population.
What is frequency dependent?
200
Acts on mutations when the effective population size and strength of selection are much less than one
What is genetic drift?
200
The rate at which new generations are produced over a period of time.
What is generation-time effect?
200
This type of fitness is harmful to the fitness of the host.
What is deleterious mutation?
200
In terms of phylogenetic trees, this is what a node represents
What is a hypothetical ancestor, usually representing a speciation or separation event?
300
When there is no feedback on selection based on the frequency of the allele in the population.
What is frequency independent?
300
The experimental technique that either collects naturally occurring spontaneous mutations or induces mutations to determine fitness effects.
What is mutagenesis?
300
Effects non-synonymous mutations, where a significant amount of evolution occurs in a short period of time and then appears to stagnate
What is episodic evolution?
300
Increases fitness by allowing organisms to adapt to their environment.
What is advantageous mutation?
300
The trait that has changed state from the ancestral form.
What is a derived trait?
400
The probability of an allele being fixed.
What is k/2N?
400
This is the reason the DFE varies between species
What is effective population size?
400
After sequencing genes at 49 loci, this type of substitution found to have more substitutions per site.
What is synonymous substitution?
400
A silent mutation that does not modify the amino-acid sequence.
What is synonymous mutation?
400
This is how you describe a disjointed group of descendants on a taxonomic tree
What is polyphyletic?
500
The rate at which deleterious alleles are being eliminated by selection is equal to the rate at which they are being created by mutation
What is mutation-selection balance?
500
Type of mutation with an exponential distribution.
What is advantageous mutation?
500
A Major factor effecting synonymous substitution
What is lineage effect?
500
Type of mutation that changes the amino-acid sequence and is subject to selection.
What is non-synonymous mutation?
500
Traits that are found in a set of species but not because of shared ancestry.
What are analogous traits?