The Fur Trade
This was the most valuable fur in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries.
What is beaver fur?
These plots of land were given to settlers (habitants) to farm along the St. Lawrence.
What are seigneuries?
He was the French explorer who made early voyages to Canada and mapped the St. Lawrence River.
Who is Jacques Cartier?
Indigenous peoples taught Europeans how to travel efficiently through the land using these.
What are canoes and snowshoes?
The skin of an animal with the fur, wool, and hair still on it.
What is pelt?
The major European country that controlled early fur trade in Canada.
What is France?
These farmers lived on the land and paid rent to the seigneur.
Who are the habitants?
Known as the “Father of New France,” he founded Quebec in 1608.
Who is Samuel de Champlain?
The alliance between the French and this Indigenous nation was central to the early fur trade.
Who are the Huron-Wendat?
Indigenous staple (food) made from dried bison meat pounded into powder and mixed with melted fat and sometimes berries
What is pemmican?
Means “runner of the wood.” These are the Europeans who learned how to hunt and trap like the First Nations. They travelled deep into the forest without permission from the French government.
Who are the Coureurs de bois?
This fur trade company was first established in 1670 in Toronto. It controlled much of the fur trade in the West after 1670.
What is the Hudson’s Bay Company?
A French Explorer who is remembered for naming Canada.
Who is Jacques Cartier?
Indigenous women played this important role in the fur trade.
What is preparing furs, making clothing, and acting as interpreters, repaired canoes, planted corn, prepared food?
This person has bloodlines from both European and Indigenous people
Who is a Metis?
These licensed canoe men transported goods and furs long distances.
Who are the Voyageurs?
The rival company founded in 1783 by French traders and merchants in Montreal.
What is the North West Company?
He was the first Coureur De Bois. He learned the First Peoples customs and their way of life (hunter, trapper, and gatherer). He helped as an interpreter and explorer in the fur trade era.
Who is Etienne Brule?
A long-term consequence of the fur trade that affected Indigenous cultures.
What is loss of land, loss of culture, or loss of traditional ways of life, diseases?
The term used to describe the land west of Europe, What we now called North America.
What is the New World?
European goods the Indigenous people received in exchange for furs. Name 5.
What is metal pots, knives, beads, cloth, guns, kettles, blankets
The Hudson’s Bay Company built trading posts around this large northern bay.
What is Hudson Bay?
He created alliances with the Huron-Wendat to help the fur trade grow.
Who is Samuel de Champlain?
This negative effect spread rapidly throughout the Indigenous communities after first contact.
What are European diseases (small pox, measles, typhus, influenza)?
A place where indigenous people from all over go to trade their furs.
What is a trading post?