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Early Peoples
Maps, Charts and Timelines
Influence of Columbus
Spanish Exploration
Spanish Colonization
100
The belief in multiple gods. A belief shared by most Native American cultures.
What is Polytheism?
100
Onate arrived with colonists in 1598 and left New Mexico in 1608. Columbus arrived in the Americas in 1492 and departed for the last time in 1506. How many years after Columbus departed did Onate arrive in New Mexico?
What is 92 years?
100
The transfer or trading of goods from Europe/Africa to the Americas. Included animals, plants, diseases, slaves, earthen materials, etc.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
100
He is the first great conquistador and led an uprising against the Aztec Empire, eventually overthrowing Montezuma and rebuilding Tenochtitlan in the image of the Spanish Empire.
Who is Cortes?
100
Name three challenges Spanish families faced as they settled in the New Mexico climate?
What is little rain, few streams and rivers, hot and dry landscapes, few trees and few edible plants?
200
Sharpen stones made into a triangular shape and used to hunt big game. Often found at these sites where megafauna were carved up. (Double Response)
What are spear points and kill sites?
200
When using a Compass Rose, North and West are found in what parts of the Compass Rose? Think up, down, top, bottom, left, right, etc. What direction is New Mexico from Mexico City? (Double Answer)
What is at the top and to the left? What is North?
200
These oceanic vessels traveled quickly across the Atlantic Ocean bringing goods back and forth in the Columbian Exchange. Their strong design and ability to hold much cargo gave the Spanish an advantage at sea.
What are Spanish Galleon ships?
200
His nearly 8 year journey across the Southwest gave the Spanish extensive (much) knowledge of the landscape. As a former slave and tracker, he journeyed back to New Mexico with Fray Marcos in an attempt to find these seven legendary cities of gold. (Double Answer)
Who is Estevan and what is Cibola?
200
This system of slavery gave Spanish Colonists land and control over numerous native people. They directed "Indian Labor" and every year made their native servants pay a tribute of goods. Some even beat or killed their workers.
What are Encomiendas?
300
Method used to grow food that rely solely on rain. A technological advancement that uses ditches and canals to direct water from rivers and streams. (Double Answer)
What is dry farming and irrigation?
300
Double Jeopardy - This little fella was found clinging to a tree with burned paws. He is a symbol of fire prevention.
Who is Smokey Bear?
300
Columbus desired to find a quicker route to these two geographic countries. Once there, it was his desire to follow the three goals of Spanish Exploration. (Double Answer)
What is China and India? What is God, Gold and Glory?
300
Double Jeopardy - Although he ended over 20 lives, his image often graces New Mexico advertisements as his status as an outlaw is legendary.
Who is Billy the Kid?
300
Once settlements took hold, Spanish families relied on this lone trading road to gets goods from Mexico City to Santa Fe. This Royal road was a rough, dirt pathway that could take months to journey along.
What is the El Camino Real?
400
This major river system supported the development of life in New Mexico. This river primarily flows through this most populated, life supporting province in New Mexico. (Double Answer)
What is the Rio Grande and Basin and Range?
400
Latitude and Longitude show this type of location, while stating that someone is near mall demonstrates this other type of location? Clue: Think A and R.
What is absolute and relative location?
400
Triple Jeopardy - This Disney character teaches lessons of Ohana and shows how although we all make mistakes, we all can contribute to building a positive world.
Who is Stitch?
400
His expedition in 1539-1541 was deemed a failure. Although he found no gold, he did see the Grand Canyon, countless Pueblos, the buffalo along the great plains and many areas along rivers ready to colonize.
Who is Coronado?
400
Spanish mission priests relied upon this system to gather materials, tend and harvest crops, make adobe bricks and build churches.
What is forced "Indian Labor"?
500
How did the religious practices of Early Peoples advance and become more sophisticated (complex) over time? List three.
What are building kivas, developing ceremonies such as sand paintings and the kinalda' (Ceremony of Womanhood), creating prayer dances and making unique clothing to symbolize their beliefs.
500
The Pueblo peoples began their Revolt with 16,212 warriors and an additional 893 Apaches who supported their cause. If half of the Pueblo warriors were harmed, how many remained uninjured at the end of the Revolt?
What is 8106?
500
These explorer's were influenced by Columbus' legacy of encomiendas, gold seeking and mistreating indigenous populations and adopted many of his harsh tactics.
Who are the Spanish Conquistadors?
500
Onate's journey was noteworthy as he not only brought along soldiers but also brought this group of people, these types of animals and this group of priests.
What are families (women, children and grandma), livestock and mission priests.
500
Other than mistreatment and the taking of their lands, this was the primary reason that Pueblo peoples united to revolt and kick out the Spanish.
What is outlawing or banning Pueblo religious practices?