Cat 1
Cat 2
Cat 3
Cat 4
Cat 5
100
A scientist is examining an unknown cell using an electron microscope. Which observed structure would indicate that the cell is MOST LIKELY prokaryotic?
A Mitochondrion
B Free-floating DNA
C Chloroplast
D Membrane-bound nucleus
B Free-floating DNA
100
Which molecules are the building blocks of DNA?
A Proteins
B Fatty acids
C Nucleotides
D Chromosomes
C Nucleotides
100
Which family of dragonflies shares the most recent common ancestor with the families Macromiidae and Corduliidae?
A Family Calopterygidae
B Family Aeshnidae
C Family Libellulidae
D Family Coenagrionidae
C Family Libellulidae
100
A Venn diagram comparing the functions of proteins and nucleic acids is shown.
Which functions BEST complete the Venn diagram?
Move the correct answer into each box. Not all answers will be used.
Transport substances, Are involved in translation, Encode genetic information
100
Microorganisms are known to be present in some food products such as yogurt. One student claims that microorganisms in food always have a negative effect on human health, while a second student disagrees. The second student claims that some microorganisms in food can have a positive effect on human health.
Which statement BEST supports the second student’s claim?
A Microorganisms can destroy any pathogens that affect the immune system.
B Microorganisms reproduce too slowly to affect the immune system.
C Microorganisms known to be in food are no longer living and would not affect the digestive system.
D Microorganisms can aid in the absorption of nutrients from food within the digestive system.
D Microorganisms can aid in the absorption of nutrients from food within the digestive system.
200
A student is making models of cells and uses the following materials.
· dried peas to represent ribosomes
· shelled peanuts to represent mitochondria
· uncooked noodles to represent DNA
· shoestrings to represent the cell membrane
Which material would be used in a model of a eukaryotic cell but NOT a prokaryotic cell?
A Dried peas (ribosomes)
B Shelled peanuts (mitochondria)
C uncooked noodles (DNA)
D shoestrings (cell membrane)
B Shelled peanuts (mitochondria)
200
A population of organisms contain multiple alleles for a particular trait. A biologist assigns each allele a letter from M through T and tracks the frequency in a population. A small group of organisms travels to a new location and begins a new population. The biologist tracked the allele frequency for the trait in the original population and the small group and recorded the data in the tables shown.
Which table shows the MOST LIKELY allele frequency of the new population?
200
Which evidence BEST supports the answer to Part A?
A The two species have anatomical similarities.
B The two species have high molecular homology.
C The two species are able to reproduce.
D The two species are both fungi.
B The two species have high molecular homology.
200
Which table correctly matches each type of biomolecule with its function in the cell membrane?
A 
B 
C 
D 
A
200
Leguminous plants, such as bean plants, share a mutualistic relationship with certain rhizobium bacteria. The plants develops harmless nodules on their roots, where the bacteria live. In return, the bacteria convert an important element from the atmosphere into a nutrient form that the plant can use.
What essential element is converted to a useable form by the rhizobium bacteria?
Enter your answer in the box.
Nitrogen
300
In which beaker will osmosis cause expansion of the dialysis tubing bag?
Beaker 1
300
Which cellular components are the same in all living organisms?
A Mitochondria
B Nuclei
C Nucleotides
D DNA sequences
C Nucleotides
300
Which environmental condition would MOST LIKELY result in the appearance of punctuated equilibrium in the fossil record?
A An environment that remains in state of stasis.
B An environment that undergoes steady changes over time
C An environment that experiences rapid-scale destructive change
D An environment with many transitional fossils
C An environment that experiences rapid-scale destructive change
300
Which statement BEST describes the roles of glucose and oxygen in photosynthesis?
A Glucose releases chemical energy during photosynthesis, and oxygen is a product of photosynthesis.
B Glucose releases chemical energy during photosynthesis, and oxygen is a reactant of photosynthesis.
C Glucose stores chemical energy during photosynthesis, and oxygen is a product of photosynthesis.
D Glucose stores chemical energy during photosynthesis, and oxygen is a reactant of photosynthesis.
C Glucose stores chemical energy during photosynthesis, and oxygen is a product of photosynthesis.
300
A student goes on a hike over the weekend. The student notices that the path created by all the hikers is compressed dirt with little plant life.
The trait is shown in the image.
‘
Which table BEST describes the stage of succession occurring on the trial?
A
B 
C
D
D
400
Which two components are MOST LIKELY found in both viruses and prokaryotic cells?
A Nucleic acids and carbohydrates
B Carbohydrates and lipid
C Lipids and proteins
D Proteins and nucleic acids
D Proteins and nucleic acids
400
A student makes a model to compare the process of transcription and translation to the process of using a grocery store that prepares orders for customers.
The cashier assembles the order and a shopping cart with the order is produced. Based on the student’s model and your knowledge of the biological process, which person or object represents tRNA?
A The cashier
B The grocery list
C The shopper
D The shopping cart
C The shopper
400
The graph show changes in allele frequencies in a population at three points in time as a drought becomes more severe.
Which statement best describes how natural selection affects alleles?
A Natural selection always affects how the same allele influences an organisms’s reproductive success.
B Natural selection affects alleles randomly, leading to small changes in allele frequencies.
C Natural selection affects frequencies in individuals, not in populations.
D Natural selection affects allele frequencies differently depending on how helpful an allele is to an organisms’s fitness for its environment.
D Natural selection affects allele frequencies differently depending on how helpful an allele is to an organisms’s fitness for its environment.
400
Which statement BEST describes how enzymes affect the speed of a metabolic reaction?
A Enzymes increase the concentration of reactants, which increases the speed of the reaction.
B Enzymes decrease the energy needed to start a reaction, which increases the speed of the reaction.
C Enzymes replace the reactants in a chemical reaction, which decreases the speed of the reaction.
D Enzymes prevent products from being converted back to reactants, which decreases the speed of the reaction.
B Enzymes decrease the energy needed to start a reaction, which increases the speed of the reaction.
400
A population of birds follows swarms of many ants and eats insects as they move out of the way of the ants. The birds do not eat the army ants.
Which type of relationship between the birds and the army ants is BEST represented by this scenario?
A Mutualism
B Commensalism
C Parasitism
D Competition
B Commensalism
500
A bacteriphage uses the lysogenic cycle to replicate itself. Describe the bacteriophage’s replication process. Be sure to include information about the host cell and as a result of this cycle.
Read the question carefully. Then enter your answer in the box provided.
Lysogenic cycle is a viral replication in which DNA inserts into the host cell’s chromosome may remain dormant and later activate and instruct the host cell to produce more viruses.
500
A student makes a diagram to demonstrate how DNA encodes traits for organisms.
Complete the diagram to accurately show the relationship among the structures and processes.
Move the correct answer to each box. Not all answers can be used in all boxes.
Transcription Translation
DNA → mRNA → Protein
500
A student researches the average number of offspring that six species produce during their lifetime and creates the table shown.
Based on the data, which species will MOST LIKELY experience the highest rate of evolution?
A Black-tailed prairie dog
B Virginia opossum
C European rabbit
D Oriental fruit fly
D Oriental fruit fly
500
A student is sweating after playing basketball.
Which body systems are MOST DIRECTLY interacting as a response to maintain homeostasis?
A Digestive and circulatory systems
B Immune and Integumentary systems
C Nervous and Integumentary systems
D Circulatory and nervous systems
C Nervous and Integumentary systems
500
Ringworm is a common skin infection that appears as an itchy, red rash on exposed human skin. It is caused by approximately 40 different species of fungi called dermatophytes. These fungi require keratin, which is present in human skin, for growth and reproduction.
Which term describes the relationship between dermatophytes and humans?
A Parasitism
B Commensalism
C Mutualism
D Predation
A Parasitism
600
A student studying mitosis captures an image of cells from an onion root tip with a camera mounted on a microscope. Which events occur after the phase circled in the student’s image? Select TWO correct answers.
A Spindle fibers form.
B Chromosomes condense.
C Paired chromosomes separate.
D The nuclear membrane disappears.
E Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers.
F The cytoplasm separates into two cells.
C Paired chromosomes separate.
F The cytoplasm separates into two cells.
600
A genetic sequence undergoes a mutation. The original sequence, the mutated sequence, and a codon chart are shown.
Original sequence: AUG CCG GCG AUU ACA
Mutated Sequence: AUC GCC GGC GAU UAC
How many amino acid changes can be identified from the mutated sequence shown?
Five
600
A student compares two different species of fox as shown in the table.
The student wants to explain why the two species are so different even though they have a common ancestor. Which statement BEST explains the differences between the two species?
A Different environments led to different adaptations.
B The same environment led to different adaptations.
C Each species developed the same adaptations to different environments.
D Each species migrated to environments that matched their adaptations.
A Different environments led to different adaptations.
600
Which plant structures are DIRECTLY involved in the production and transport of glucose?
Select TWO correct answers.
2 and 3
600
A student makes a model of an energy pyramid by stacking cups as shown. The producers are represented by the bottom level of four cups.
How much energy will be obtained at the top of this energy pyramid if the cups representing the primary consumers have 37,000 kilojoules (kJ) of energy?
A 37,000 kJ
B 3,700 kJ
C 370 kJ
D 3.7 kJ
C 370 kJ
700
An image of a cell is shown.
Which phase of the cell cycle is this cell in?
A G0
B S phase
C G2 phase
D M phase
D M phase
700
There are different types of human blood cells. Depending on what type they are, some blood cells either carry nutrients throughout the body or destroy foreign substances in the body.
Which statement explains how genes control the differentiation of different types of blood cells?
A Different genes are expressed in the different types of blood cells.
B Some genes are deleted in one type of blood cell, changing they type of cell it is.
C Specific genes in blood cells are expressed only in response to an external environmental change.
D Genes found in blood cells can change the cell to perform any function needed.
A Different genes are expressed in the different types of blood cells.
700
A large population of rock pocket mice with various fur colors lives in a designated area. Soon after a volcanic eruption, the number of mice with dark-colored fur in the population increased.
Which statement BEST describes the reason for the change in fur color?
A Mutations for dark-colored fur were passed down within the somatic cells, resulting in more mice with dark-colored fur.
B Mice with light-colored fur selected mutations that allowed their fur to become darker.
C The fitness of mice with dark-colored fur increased, so they became more abundant.
D Mice with light-colored fur began feeding in the daytime to stimulate the release of a pigment for dark-colored fur.
C The fitness of mice with dark-colored fur increased, so they became more abundant.
700
This question has two parts.
Two students give the following presentation to their classmates:
Student 1 starts the presentation by describing members of one species.
Student 2 adds information about members of another species and explains that members of both species interact with each other AND with the abiotic factors in their environment.
Part A
Which are the levels of the biological organization presented by student 1 and student 2 in this presentation?
A Student 1: Organism
Student 2: Population
B Student 1: Ecosystem
Student 2: Organism
C Student 1: Community
Student 2: Population
D Student 1: Population
Student 2: Ecosystem
D Student 1: Population
Student 2: Ecosystem
700
Examine the diagram and answer these questions:
· What is the original source of all energy for the energy pyramid?
· How does the amount of energy available at each level of the pyramid change from the bottom to the top?
Read the questions carefully. Then enter your answers in the box provided.
the original source of all energy for the energy pyramid is the sun.
the amount of energy available at each level of the pyramid decreases by 10% from the bottom to the top.
800
Which of these is MOST LIKELY an indication that cells may have become cancerous?
A cells undergoing slower rates of mitosis
B Cells with few or no mutations
C Cells not responding to checkpoints in the cell cycle
D Cells with decreased rates of protein synthesis
C Cells not responding to checkpoints in the cell cycle
800
Which statement BEST describes how genes are expressed in an organism?
A Genes are always off even when resources are available.
B Genes are turned on and off in response to the environment.
C Genes are continuously turned on and off at random interval of time.
D Genes are on until all the genes have been simultaneously expressed.
B Genes are turned on and off in response to the environment.
800
A student sees a red wolf at the zoo and wants to research specific information about the animal. Which levels of taxonomy are BEST to use when researching specific information about the red wolf?
A Kingdom and species
B Kingdom and genus
C Genus and species
D Species and family
C Genus and species
800
Part B
Which statement BEST explains the answer to Part A?
A Ecosystems consist of all organisms living and interacting in a given area, and individuals are organisms.
B An organism is a species, and many species living in the same area make up a population.
C A population consists of a group of the same species, and ecosystems are communities interacting with abiotic factors.
D Communities consist of organisms, and organisms interacting with living and nonliving factors in the environment make up a population.
C A population consists of a group of the same species, and ecosystems are communities interacting with abiotic factors.
800
Which scenario will MOST LIKELY result in a change to the nitrogen cycle that negatively affects plant growth?
A Increasing the variety of legumes within a field
B Planting crops that do not need nitrogen for survival
C Decreasing the amounts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil
D Regulating the amount of fertilizers used on farms
C Decreasing the amounts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil
900
Which type of mutation is LEAST LIKELY to result in a frameshift mutation?
A Insertion
B Translocation
C Substitution
D Deletion
C Substitution
900
This question has two parts.
The table shows the number of differences in the amino acid sequence of a protein called cytochrome C in three species of fungi.
Part A
Based on the data, which two species of fungi are MOST CLOSELY related?
A Candida albicans and Sacchromyces cerevisiae
B Neurospora and Candida albicans
C Sacchromyces cerevisiae and Neurospora crassa
A Candida albicans and Sacchromyces cerevisiae
900
Since the 1900s, sea surface temperatures over the Great Barrier Reef have been gradually increasing. These rising ocean temperatures have caused coral bleaching. Coral bleaching occurs when corals lose the symbiotic algae that give their coloring and are their main sources of energy. Severely bleached corals usually develop disease and eventually die.
How might coral bleaching affect ecosystem stability in the Great Barrier Reef?
A Species that depend on the coral for protection and food will decline.
B Predators will adapt and find alternative food resources.
C Genetic and species diversity will increase.
D Vulnerable species will migrate to environments with healthy corals.
A Species that depend on the coral for protection and food will decline.
1000
When crossed with the genotype AaBb, which genotype would result in a 50% chance of producing offspring with the alleles AA?
A AaBb
B AABb
C Aabb
D aaBB
B AABb
1000
A cladogram for the six kingdoms of life is shown.
Based on the cladogram. which TWO kingdoms contain organisms with chloroplast?
A Fungi and Archaea
B Archaea and Protista
C Protista and Plantae
D Plantae and Fungi
C Protista and Plantae
1100
Which two biological processes would MOST LIKELY result in offspring genetically different from their parents? Select TWO correct answers.
A DNA replication
B Independent assortment
C Mitosis
D Crossing-over
E Asexual reproduction
B Independent assortment
D Crossing-over