High Risk Newborn Issues
Birth weight below 10th percentile
SGA (small for gestational age)
Normal newborn respiratory rate
30-60
Pinks areas on skin easily blanched, usually appears on eyelids, nose, lower occiput bone and lower neck
Nevi "stork bites"
Startle Reflex
Moro
Excessive heat loss that results in the use of compensatory mechanisms
Cold stress
Birth weight above 90th percentile
LGA (large for gestational age)
Normal newborn heart rate
110-160
Blue or black area most commonly over buttocks area (African American and Asian)
Mongolian spots
Hold newborn up and newborn will attempt to walk
Stepping
Treatment for cold stress newborn
Rewarm slowly to prevent apnea
Tremors, jitteriness, apnea, lethargy, vomiting, hypothermia
Hypoglycemia
Blue hands and feet in newborn for first 24 hours after birth
Acrocyanosis
"Newborn Rash"
Usually occurs during the first 3 weeks of life, may appear suddenly anywhere on the body
Erythema toxicum
Arms and head will turn the same direction when moved
Tonic neck or fencing
Jaundice that is a normal response 2-3 days after birth, caused by increased volume and RBC destruction
Physiological jaundice
Treatment for hypoglycemia in newborn
Breastfeed or formula feed immediately
To prevent inflammation In eye r/t gonorrheal or chlamydia infection
Erythromycin ointment
White pimple like spots on newborn, resembles a rash
Toes fan when bottom of foot is stimulated
Babinski
Jaundice caused by RH incompatibility
Pathological jaundice
Tachypnea, nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, seesaw respirations
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
Newborns do not produce until 7 days of life, injection used to prevent hemorrhagic disease
Vitamin K
Circular and barrel shaped structure on newborn
Chest
Toes curl over finger when placed under toes
Plantar
Keep newborn warm, protects eyes with shields