Respiratory Distress
This condition is caused by delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid
What is TTN?
This condition occurs when the newborn loses heat faster than it can produce it.
What is cold stress/hypothermia?
This type of jaundice appears after the first 24 hours of life.
What is physiologic jaundice?
A newborn born before this gestational age is considered preterm.
What is 37 weeks?
This scalp swelling crosses suture lines and is caused by edema.
What is caput succedaneum?
This respiratory disorder is strongly associated with prematurity and surfactant deficiency
What is RDS?
Cold stress increases oxygen consumption and glucose use, which can lead to this condition.
What is hypoglycemia?
Jaundice appearing during this time frame requires prompt evaluation because it is considered pathologic.
What is within the first 24 hours?
A preterm infant may have this feeding problem because the suck-swallow reflex is immature.
What is poor suck-swallow coordination?
This condition is blood trapped beneath the periosteum and does not cross suture lines.
What is cephalohematoma?
A post-term newborn is born through thick meconium-stained fluid and develops respiratory distress with a barrel chest. This is the most likely diagnosis.
What is meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)?
Name three signs of neonatal hypoglycemia.
What are jitteriness/tremors, poor feeding, lethargy, temperature instability, apnea, or seizures?
This treatment converts unconjugated bilirubin into water-soluble forms that can be excreted.
What is phototherapy?
Name three complications for which premature infants are at increased risk.
What are RDS, apnea, PDA, IVH, NEC, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and infection/sepsis?
This newborn head injury is an emergency because massive blood loss can result in hypovolemic shock.
What is subgaleal hemorrhage?
A 30-week infant develops grunting, nasal flaring, retractions, and cyanosis. The chest x-ray shows a ground-glass appearance. What is the diagnosis and underlying problem?
What is RDS caused by surfactant deficiency?
A newborn's temperature drops. Explain the cold-stress cascade that can ultimately lead to respiratory distress.
What is hypothermia → increased O₂ consumption → increased glucose use → hypoglycemia → metabolic acidosis → respiratory distress → hypoxia?
A newborn develops jaundice at 12 hours of life. Why is this concerning?
What is pathologic jaundice requiring prompt evaluation?What is immature suck-swallow
Why might a premature infant require gavage feedings rather than oral feedings?
What is immature suck-swallow coordination?
How can a cephalohematoma increase the newborn's risk for another complication?
What is hyperbilirubinemia due to breakdown of trapped RBCs?
A newborn is delivered by scheduled C-section at 39 weeks. Thirty minutes later the newborn has RR 72, mild retractions, nasal flaring, and O₂ saturation of 94%. What condition is most likely, and what is the pathophysiology?
What is TTN, caused by delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid, with C-section without labor as a major risk factor?
An infant of a diabetic mother is LGA and becomes jittery, lethargic, and difficult to feed. Blood glucose is 32 mg/dL. What complication is occurring and what should the nurse do first?
What is neonatal hypoglycemia? Priorities include prompt glucose treatment/feeding, temperature stabilization, glucose monitoring, and neurologic assessment.
Compare physiologic and pathologic jaundice using timing, course, and risk factors.
What is physiologic jaundice appearing after 24 hours and peaking around days 3–5 versus pathologic jaundice appearing within 24 hours, rising rapidly, lasting longer, or associated with conditions such as blood-group incompatibility?
A 29-week infant is in an isolette on CPAP with an OG tube. Identify four nursing priorities for this infant.
What are respiratory monitoring/support, thermoregulation, nutrition/feeding support, developmental care, and infection prevention?
A newborn has rapidly increasing scalp swelling that crosses suture lines after vacuum-assisted birth. The infant becomes pale and tachycardic. What is the priority concern?
What is an emergency subgaleal hemorrhage with risk for massive blood loss and hypovolemic shock?