Newton's 1st Law
A soccer ball rests on the grass. Which statement best explains why it remains at rest?
A. No forces act on the ball.
B. The forces on the ball are balanced.
C. The ball has no mass.
D. Gravity stops acting on the ball.
B. The forces on the ball are balanced.
A 4 kg cart experiences a net force of 12 N. What is its acceleration?
3 m/s2.
A swimmer pushes water backward and moves forward. Which statement explains this motion?
A. The water exerts a forward force on the swimmer.
B. The swimmer's mass disappears.
C. Gravity pushes the swimmer forward.
D. The water exerts no force on the swimmer.
A. The water exerts a forward force on the swimmer.
What is inertia?
A. The rate at which velocity changes
B. An object's resistance to a change in motion
C. The force of gravity on an object
D. The total distance an object travels
B. An object's resistance to a change in motion
A distance-time graph is a straight, upward-sloping line. What does this most likely indicate?
A. The object is at rest.
B. The object moves at a constant speed away from its starting point.
C. The object changes direction repeatedly.
D. The object has no position.
B. The object moves at a constant speed away from its starting point.
A student riding a skateboard moves forward when the skateboard suddenly stops. Which law explains this?
A. Newton's first law
B. Newton's second law
C. Newton's third law
D. The law of gravity
A. Newton's first law
Two identical carts receive different net forces. Cart A receives 4 N; Cart B receives 8 N. How do their accelerations
compare?
A. Cart A accelerates twice as much.
B. Both have the same acceleration.
C. Cart B accelerates twice as much.
D. Cart B has half the acceleration.
C. Cart B accelerates twice as much.
Which situation best demonstrates Newton's third law?
A. A book remains still on a desk.
B. A ball speeds up when kicked.
C. A rocket pushes gas downward and the gas pushes the rocket upward.
D. A heavier object accelerates less under the same force.
C. A rocket pushes gas downward and the gas pushes the rocket upward.
Which term describes the rate at which velocity changes over time?
A. Mass
B. Net force
C. Acceleration
D. Inertia
C. Acceleration
A cart's speed changes from 2 m/s to 10 m/s in 4 seconds. What is its average acceleration?
2 m/s2.
A book rests on a table. SELECT THREE statements that correctly describe the forces on the book.
A. Gravity pulls the book downward.
B. The table pushes upward on the book.
C. The book has no forces acting on it.
D. The book must accelerate downward.
E. The net force on the book is zero.
A. Gravity pulls the book downward.
B. The table pushes upward on the book.
E. The net force on the book is zero.
A 5 kg object accelerates at 2 m/s2. What is the net force acting on it?
10 N
A student pushes on a wall with a force of 50 N. What force does the wall exert on the student?
A. 0 N
B. 25 N
C. 50 N in the opposite direction
D. 100 N in the same direction
C. 50 N in the opposite direction
SELECT TWO examples of acceleration.
A. A car increases its speed.
B. A train travels at constant speed in a straight line.
C. A bicycle slows down.
D. A book rests on a desk.
E. A parked car remains at rest.
A. A car increases its speed.
C. A bicycle slows down.
A straw rocket is launched when air rushes out of a balloon attached to it. SELECT TWO laws that help explain the
rocket's motion.
A. First law: motion changes when a net force acts.
B. Only gravity affects the rocket.
C. Third law does not apply to rockets.
D. Second law: acceleration depends on net force and mass.
E. Mass has no effect on acceleration.
A. First law: motion changes when a net force acts.
D. Second law: acceleration depends on net force and mass.
400 POINTS
A moving cart continues at a constant velocity along a straight track. What is the net force on the cart?
A. Greater than zero and forward
B. Greater than zero and backward
C. Zero
D. Equal to the cart's mass
C. Zero
A student applies the same net force to two carts. Cart A has a mass of 2 kg and Cart B has a mass of 6 kg.
SELECT TWO correct conclusions.
A. Cart A has greater acceleration.
B. Cart B has greater acceleration.
C. Cart B has one-third the acceleration of Cart A.
D. Both carts have equal acceleration.
E. Increasing mass increases acceleration when force stays constant.
A. Cart A has greater acceleration.
C. Cart B has one-third the acceleration of Cart A.
SELECT TWO statements that correctly describe an action-reaction pair.
A. The forces act on two different objects.
B. The forces are equal in magnitude.
C. The forces always cancel because they act on the same object.
D. One force exists without the other.
E. The forces act in the same direction.
A. The forces act on two different objects.
B. The forces are equal in magnitude.
What is the net force on an object?
A. The object's mass multiplied by its volume
B. The combined effect of all forces acting on the object
C. Only the force of gravity
D. The largest individual force acting on the object
What is the net force on an object?
A. The object's mass multiplied by its volume
B. The combined effect of all forces acting on the object
C. Only the force of gravity
D. The largest individual force acting on the object
B. The combined effect of all forces acting on the object
A student wants to investigate how mass affects acceleration. Which procedure best tests this relationship?
A. Change mass and pulling force at the same time.
B. Keep mass constant and change the track color.
C. Keep net force constant and change the mass.
D. Change the timer and the mass together.
C. Keep net force constant and change the mass.
A student claims, “An object must have a forward force to keep moving forward.” Which evidence best challenges
the claim?
A. A cart can continue moving at constant velocity when the net force is zero.
B. A heavier cart has more mass.
C. Gravity pulls objects toward Earth.
D. A moving object always has acceleration.
A. A cart can continue moving at constant velocity when the net force is zero.
A 10 kg cart is pulled forward with 30 N while friction acts backward with 10 N. What is the cart's acceleration?
2 m/s2.
A balloon releases air backward and moves forward. Which explanation is scientifically accurate?
A. The balloon's force is larger than the air's force.
B. The balloon moves because no forces act on it.
C. The air and balloon exert forces on the same object.
D. The air pushes the balloon forward, and the balloon pushes the air backward.
D. The air pushes the balloon forward, and the balloon pushes the air backward.
A force diagram shows a 15 N arrow to the right and a 15 N arrow to the left. What does this represent?
A. Unbalanced forces with a net force of 30 N
B. Balanced forces with a net force of 0 N
C. A net force of 15 N to the right
D. No forces acting on the object
B. Balanced forces with a net force of 0 N
Two objects experience the same net force. Object X has a mass of 2 kg, and Object Y has a mass of 8 kg.
SELECT THREE correct statements.
A. Object X has greater acceleration.
B. Object Y has greater acceleration.
C. Object Y's acceleration is one-fourth of Object X's.
D. Both objects must have the same acceleration.
E. Object X has four times the acceleration of Object Y.
A. Object X has greater acceleration.
C. Object Y's acceleration is one-fourth of Object X's.
E. Object X has four times the acceleration of Object Y.
A hockey puck slides across nearly frictionless ice. SELECT TWO predictions consistent with Newton's first law.
A. It continues in a straight line at constant velocity if the net force remains zero.
B. It eventually stops even if no net force acts on it.
C. Its motion changes only when a net force acts on it.
D. It must speed up because it is moving.
E. Its mass disappears while moving.
A. It continues in a straight line at constant velocity if the net force remains zero.
C. Its motion changes only when a net force acts on it.
An experiment uses the same cart but changes the pulling force. Results: 2 N produces 1 m/s2, 4 N produces 2
m/s2, and 6 N produces 3 m/s2. Which conclusion is best supported?
A. Acceleration decreases as force increases.
B. Acceleration is independent of force.
C. Acceleration increases proportionally as force increases.
D. Mass increases every time force increases.
C. Acceleration increases proportionally as force increases.
A rocket launches upward as exhaust gases move downward. A student says the rocket rises because its upward
force is greater than the downward force on the gases. What is the best correction?
A. The forces cancel because they act on the rocket.
B. The gases do not exert a force.
C. The forces are equal and opposite but act on different objects.
D. Newton's third law applies only when objects are at rest.
C. The forces are equal and opposite but act on different objects.
Which statement correctly compares speed and velocity?
A. Speed includes direction; velocity does not.
B. Neither describes motion.
C. Both always include direction.
D.Velocity includes direction; speed does not.
D. Velocity includes direction; speed does not.
Engineers add a parachute to a model rocket to help it land safely. Which explanation best connects this design to
motion and forces?
A. The parachute increases air resistance, reducing the rocket's downward acceleration.
B. The parachute removes gravity.
C. The parachute makes the rocket have no mass.
D. The parachute guarantees that no forces act on the rocket.
A. The parachute increases air resistance, reducing the rocket's downward acceleration.